Transcript File
The Holocaust 1938 – 1945 11 million lives lost Essential Question How did WWII change Europe? How it Started Hitler gains control of Germany in January of 1933 Nazis believed that German Jews were to blame for Germany’s problems before the war. Hitler came to power passed laws discriminating against the Jews. Jews were made to wear a Star of David so everyone could tell who was Jewish or not. Jews wore the Star of David Jehovah’s Witness wore the Purple Triangle Anti -Semitism This is the term given to political, social and economic agitation against Jews. In simple terms it means ‘Hatred of Jews’. Aryan Race This was the name of what Hitler believed was the perfect race. These were people with full German blood, blonde hair and blue eyes. This sign says “Germans! Defend Yourselves! Do not buy from Jews!” “ Night of Broken Glass” November 9, 1938 Jewish Homes & Businesses were attacked and destroyed across Germany Refugees: a person who flees for safety especially to a foreign country At first, Hitler favored immigration out of Germany 265,000 Jews immigrate to other parts of the world. Those Jews that stay are rounded up and forced to live in Ghettos These ghettos had as many as 12 people living in a single room! Refugees Eventually, Hitler decides that immigration is not enough. The ghettos are not enough He decides to eliminate the problem. Hitler’s Final Solution THE HOLOCAUST “sacrifice by fire” Hitler’s Final Solution Execution/ concentration camps located mainly in Germany & Poland Camps located near railroad lines Hitler’s Steps: Round up all the Jews Put in prison, wear identifying armbands and separate them from their families. Shave their heads and tattooed a number on their arms. Hitler’s Steps: Herd them into showers and use this place as gas chambers so that they could kill 2000 people at one time. A lot died from no food, water and labor. Hitler’s Steps: He even killed the prisoners, the mentally ill and the disabled. Important Definitions: Genocide is a planned killing of a race of people. It became a crime when the United Nations passed the Genocide Convention in 1948. At the end of WWII, Allies (friendly people) gained controlled. The survivors of the Holocaust had nowhere to go. They wanted to go back to their home land in Palestine (middle East) 1947, United Nations divided Palestine into Arab State and Jewish State, Israel. Israel opened its borders to Jews in 1948. A MAP OF THE CONCENTRATION CAMPS AND DEATH CAMPS USED BY THE NAZIS. Auschwitz - Poland 16 of the 44 children taken from a French children’s home. They were sent to a concentration camp and later to Auschwitz. ONLY 1 SURVIVED A group of children at a concentration camp in Poland. Portrait of two-year-old Mania Halef, a Jewish child who was among the 33,771 persons shot by the SS during the mass executions at Babi Yar, September, 1941. Nazis sift through a huge pile of clothes left by victims of the massacre. Two year old Mani Halef’s clothes are somewhere amongst these. Smoke rises as the bodies are burnt. Percentage of Jews killed in each country Groups Targeted by the Nazi Party 11,000,000 lives lost 6,000,000 Jews 5,000,000 million others Handicapped Gypsies Jehovah’s Witnesses and others “You Looked the Other Way” by Alex Berkowicz When they Changed the Law, You looked the other way. When they Came at Night, You looked the other way. When they put us in ghettos, You looked the other way. When they put us in concentration camps, You looked the other way When they took us on death marches, You looked the other way. When they slaughtered our children, You looked the other way. When they come for you, Who will be left to look the other way?