Transcript WWII - The War

WWII
The War
Sort & Classify
1. What factors led to the rise of three strong
totalitarian governments in the 20’s & 30’s?
2. Compare totalitarianism of Hitler, Mussolini and
Tojo to democracy.
3. Explain why the US passed the Neutrality Acts
and how these limited Roosevelt.
4. Compare the reasons circumstances that led to
WWI and WWII – how did the time period
influence decisions?
Japan
• Allies with Germany
and Italy
• Needs resources/space
• 31-Invades Manchuria
• 40 controls most of
Eastern China
In Europe
German Strategy
• Blitzkreig –
“lightning war”
• Luftwaffe –
German Air
Force
France
• Maginot line – “phony
war”
• Hitler takes Denmark
and Norway first
• Goes through
Belgium, Netherlands,
France
• Dunkirk – massive
retreat out of France
• 3 months, Britain
alone, Free France
Theatres of War
• Germany – Northern and
Western Europe
• Italy – Southern Europe and
North Africa
• Japan – the Pacific
Battle of Britain
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Aug 1940-June 1941
1000 bomb raids daily
RAF defends
Hitler hopes to wear
Britain down and
break
communication/will to
fight
News of Holocaust
• Prompts some to push
to enter war
• Nuremburg Laws –
restricted Jews –
Olympics
• Kristallnacht – Night of
broken glass-attack
businesses
• US did not ease
immigration laws – St
Louis
• Ghettos and the Final
Solution
Task
1. Read pages 756 – 761
2. Summarize the opposing views in the
point – counterpoint section on US
involvement.
3. Why did the US think the US was
threatened by the war in Europe?
4. Is it possible today for the US to remain
isolationist in world conflicts?
American Response
Isolationism & Neutrality
• Neutrality Acts - no arms sales or loans to
nations at war -laws to prevent involvement
limited response of Roosevelt
• 1940- Tripartite Pact – keep US out of war
• 1940 – Selective Service Act – peacetime
draft
From Isolationism to
Internationalism
• Neutrality Act of 1939 – “Cash and Carry”, and
“destroyers for bases deal”
• Lend Lease Act - 41– President can aid any nation
vital to American security, the “Great Arsenal of
Democracy”
• Atlantic Charter -41-declaration of war aims –
collective security, disarmament, selfdetermination, economic cooperation, & freedom
of the seas – everything but wage war – force an
incident
• 1941 – undeclared war, FDR-shoot back at
German subs
Pacific Response?
• Japan demands French Indochina colonies,
US cuts off trade and seizes assets
• US – cuts off trade
• OIL – Japan military MUST have – either
end the embargo or seize Dutch East Indies
• Nov 1941 – Tojo orders Navy to prepare for
an attack on the US
A Date that Will live in Infamy
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Dec 7, 1941 – Attack at Pearl Harbor
Over 2,400 killed, 1700 wounded
Damaged 21 ships, 8 battleships
300 aircraft damaged or destroyed
ALL in less than 2 hours
Next day – Congress gives FDR a
Declaration of War
US Generals
• Eisenhower –
North Africa
• Patton – Europe
• MacArthur –
Pacific
Germany Attacks USSR!
• 41-42 after Britain does
not fall
• USSR-scorched earth
strategy/cold climate
• Lend Lease Act – seeks
aid, stalled-allies turn to
Italy instead
• Battle of Stalingrad –
turning point – east – high
Soviet casualties
Strategy in Europe
• Operation Torch – free Mediterranean Sea
from German control & protect oil fields in
the Middle East
• Move up through Europe towards Germany
• Leaves USSR fighting alone on the eastern
front
Task
1. Complete the Map Activity on Major
battles of WWII.
2. Complete the chart which identifies the
significance of major battles of WWII.
3. How will these strategies affect the
relationship between the US and USSR?
WWII Major Battles
Battle
Operation Torch
Stalingrad
D - Day
Battle of the
Bulge
Midway
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
Hiroshima &
Nagasaki
Significance
Major Battles
• D-Day – English
Channel v. Normandy
– the invasion of
France, western front
• Battle of the Bulge –
German counter attack
on allies, last German
offensive
• Invasion of Berlin
American Soldiers in Normandy
Yalta Conference
• Big Four Plan for the
end of war
• FDR - US
• Churchill - Britain
• Stalin – USSR
• DeGaulle – Free
French
• Divide Germany and
Berlin among allies
• Elections will take
place in countries
taken by Germany
VE Day
Victory
Europe –
May 8,
1945
War in Asia
• Philippines – the
Baatan Peninsula and
the Baatan Death
March
• Battle of Midway – no
more Japanese
offensive
• Kamikaze planes
Iwa Jima and Okinawa
• Island Hopping is
costly
• Iwo Jima – strong
resistance for 700
miles of beach –
needed a base for
bombers
• Okinawa - costliest
battle in the Pacific –
last island before
invading Japan
Manhattan Project
• Einstein,
Enrico Fermi
• Secret Project
– race to beat
Germany
• Test in NM
• Little boy and
Fat man
Truman decides to use the Abomb
• Reason – save
American lives,
Pacific battles are
costly
• Enola Gay
• Hiroshima and
Nagasaki
VJ Day
• Sept. 2,
1945
• Signed
USS
Missouri
Assessment – The War
1. Compare strategies in WWI and WWII
2. Classify events as belonging to the War in
the Pacific or the War in Europe
3. How did strategies in WWII impact the
relationship between the US/USSR?
4. How did political decisions impact the
relationship between the US and Britain?
5. Summarize the progress of the war effort.
Assessment – the War
1. Create a timeline of events during WWII.
Include events that:
- Lead up to war
- Lead from US isolationism to intervention
- Include major battles of the war
- Conclude with the end of the war in
Europe and the Pacific