Transcript File

America
&
World War II
Allies vs. Axis
WWI – 1914-1918
War To End All Wars?
Taking Sides
 Allies
– USA
– France
– Russia
– Great Britain
Beginning to End
 Causes
– Quest for land – Americas and Africa
– Building up militaries
– Quest for Power/Empires
 Ends
– Belgium
– Germany Surrenders - Allies Win
– Japan
– Treaty of Versailles
 Axis
– Germany
– Italy
– Austro–
Hungary
• Germany is blamed and receives most
consequences
• The German military must remain at only
100,000 soldiers – no more
• The Germans had to pay full reparations
to the Allies
• Germany had to give up colonies to Great
Britain, France & Japan
Roaring 20’s
Technology
Government
Electricity
18th Amendment – Prohibition
* Illegal to make or sell
Radio (1920)
Television, Silent (1927)
Wash Machines
alcoholic beverages.
19th Amendment – Women and
the right to vote.
Vacuum Cleaners
Automobiles
People
Charles Lindbergh – Flight over
the Atlantic
F. Scott Fitzgerald – The Great
Gatsby
Duke Ellington – Jazz Composer
The Great Depression “30’s”
Causes
What ended it?
• Distribution of Wealth
• Government Programs (New Deal)
• Stock Market Crash
• World War II
• Banks failed/closed
• Industrialization
• No loans
 Link to Video
 WWI-
Causes of WWII
– Germany and Italy were unhappy with the




Treaty of Versailles
Japan joined Germany and Italy
– Formed the Axis Powers
War begins when Germany invades of Poland on
Sept 1, 1939
Japan Invades East Asian Countries
Axis Powers attacked other European Countries
– Reasons
• Quest for Land
• World Domination
Key Leaders
 Axis Powers
– Germany – Adolf Hitler (Dictator)
– Italy – Benito Mussolini (Prime Minister)
King Victor Emmanuel (Monarch)
– Japan – General Hideki Tojo
 Allies
– Soviet Union – Joseph Stalin (Dictator)
– Britain – Sir Winston Churchill (Prime Minister)
– U.S. Franklin D. Roosevelt (served 12 Yrs)
• Dwight D. Eisenhower – Commanded Allies
Adolf Hitler
• Dictator of Germany
• NAZI Political Party
• Many feel he was
responsible for over
50 million Civilians and
Military deaths.
Axis
The aggression of Hitler’s Allies
Italy – Mussolini wanted a Fascist-Roman empire
in the Mediterranean and Africa
Japan – Japan wanted a Nipponese empire in the
Pacific, extending into China and Australia
Germany, Italy and Japan were hostile to
Communism (USSR), and this was a cause of war
and vice versa.
Axis Powers
 Germany
 Japan
 Italy
 Austria (NOT AUSTRALIA!)
 Bulgaria
 Finland
 Hungary
 Romania
 Australia
 Belgium
 Canada
 China
 France
Allies
 Great Britain
 Poland
 Soviet Union – USSR
(Russia)
 United States
Europe on the Eve of World War II,
1939 - Everyone Pick Your Side!
Pearl Harbor
 Attack on Warships on
U.S. soil by the
Japanese.
 December 7, 1941
Devastation
4 US Battleships sunk
19 other ships sunk or disabled
170 planes destroyed
2,403 Civilians and military personnel
killed
http://www.pearl-harbor3.freeservers.com/
 Link to Video
Effects of Pearl Harbor
• The United States entering World War II
• Military Draft (ages 20-44)
• Massive Industrialization
Production increases: 263 planes per day, 70,000
ships and 3 million machines guns.
• Women’s role during the war
(Production, Military, and at Home)
• Depression Era ended
(U.S. & the World)
D-Day
The Invasion of Normandy
• The 1st great breach into Hitler’s
defense
• 200,000 buildings destroyed
• 3 month battle
 Link to Video
War in Europe Ends 1945
 Mussolini's death: On April 28, Mussolini and
several of the other Fascists were captured with
him were taken to Dongo, Italy and killed.
 Hitler's death: On April 30, as the Battle of
Berlin raged above him, realizing that all was
lost, and not wishing to suffer Mussolini's fate,
German dictator Adolf Hitler committed suicide
in his bunker.
 May 8 V-E Day – Germany and Italy Surrender
 The War was NOT, over Japan was still strong
and FIGHTING
HOW DO WE STOP JAPAN?
Dawning of Nuclear Age
• Atomic Bomb
• Why was it necessary?
•Feared war would last 2 more years, est.
500,000 American soldiers would die.
•Est. 20,000 Japanese would die from
bombing
Atomic Bomb
 Attack by the U.S. on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
 US dropped “Little Boy” 1st on Hiroshima
August 6th.(80-120 thousand die)
• Japan refuses to surrender
 US dropped “Fat Man” 2nd on Nagasaki August
9th. (killed 40,000 die)
 Killed 120,000-140,000 people and thousands
more died from radiation and injuries.
 Japanese surrendered on August 14th 1945.
– Was it necessary?
 Link to Video
Division of Germany
 Lesson from WWI:
The Allies decided
to divide Germany
into 4 zones after
the war.
 Also, the capital of
Berlin was divided
into 4 sectors.
GERMANY
POST WWII
– Problem- It’s in the
Russian (USSR)
Section. DON, Don,
don….to be
continued!
19
WWII Advancements in
Weaponry
Weaponry of WWII
American T - 72
German Tiger Tank
M1-Abrams, Iraq War
Air Power then and now
Zero
Mustang
Flying Fortress
New Technology
F22 Rapter
Predator
B2 Bomber
War
Results:
United
Nations
http://www.ibiblio.org/pha/
THE
END
The Holocaust
A
World
Tragedy
Holocaust
1933-1945
• Began on January 30, 1933 - 1 month after Hitler came into power.
• Enacted a serious laws
• Jews were no longer free: all rights and freedoms taken away.
Political, economic, citizenship, institutions & Synagogues
destroyed.
• Adults were branded with numbers
• Boys 12 and over sent to the munitions (ammunition) factories
• Ages 6 and up were made to wear the “YELLOW STAR OF
DAVID” badge
Introduction to the Holocaust
Link
 David Bergman Introduction to the Holocaust
The Camp Structure
Ghetto’s
City-Districts in
which Nazi’s forced
the Jewish population
live under miserable
conditions.
Unsanitary
Overcrowded
Starvation
Epidemics (Flu)
?
Concentration
Camps
Largest Ghetto:
Warsaw, Poland
400,000 people.
These were forced
labor camps.
The Germans built
400 Ghetto’s
Brutality
Starvation
Deportation Video Link
Exile and Deportation
Auschwitz Link
Auschwitz
Holocaust
Extermination
Camps
These were camps
that were meant to
eliminate Jews,
Socialists,
Gypsies,
Jehovah’s
Witnesses,
German
Communists,
Homosexuals, and
persons of socially
deviant behavior.
Holocaust
 Hitler’s “Final Solution”
 January 20, 1942
 Mass murder of European
Jews during WWII by Hitler.
 Why?
 Over 6 Million Deaths
Liberation Video Link
Holocaust
Comments by children who
survived:
"I had false ID and wore a cross."
"That was the last birthday gift from my parents."
"My mother and several other women organized a clandestine
school."
"I paid for these two eggs with a small gold ring that had a ruby
in it that my mother sewed into my coat."
"I drank water from puddles. Snow. Anything that I could get a
hold of."
"There I was, an orphan, a survivor of unspeakable pain and
atrocities of the war."