Transcript Chapter 18 WWII and its Aftermath

Chapter 18
WWII and its
Aftermath
The Global Conflict: Allied Successes
Bell Work - READ
WWII was fought on a larger scale and in more places
than any other conflict in history. It was also more
costly in terms of human life than any previous war.
Civilians, as well as soldiers, were targets. In 1941, a
reporter visited a Russian town that had been home to
10,000 people before the German invasion. The
reporter found a lone survivor. “She was a blind old
woman who had gone insane. I saw her wandering
barefooted around the village, carrying a few dirty
rags, a rusty pail, and a tattered sheepskin.”
P.T.C Population sizes
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Coventry 10,900
Crestwood (Mantua) 1,043
Field (Brimfield) 7,963
Norton 12,085
Ravenna 11,724
Theodore Roosevelt (Kent) 28,904
Springfield (Lakemore) 3,068
Occupied Lands
• Germany conquered Western Europe
• Japan dominated Asia and the Pacific
• “New Order” in occupied lands
Nazi Europe
• Hitler’s “New Order” grew out of racial obsession
• Aryans were put as leaders of puppet government
created by Hitler throughout the overtaken
European lands
• Nazi’s
1. Stole works of art
2. Conquered factories
3. Stole natural resources
Of the countries they dominated
Nazi Europe
• People within an occupied country were seen as
inferior, and were sent to labor camps
• Those who resisted were killed
Nazi Genocide
• The most savage of Hitler’s policies was the
program to kill all people who he judged “racially
inferior” – particularly Jews
• Other targets
1. Slavs
2. Gypsies
3. Mentally ill
Nazi Genocide
• “The Final Solution to the Jewish Problem” –
Genocide, deliberate murder of all European Jews
• “Death Camps” – Located in Poland (Auschwitz,
Sobibor and Treblinka)
• Jews shipped from all over Europe to these camps
Nazi Genocide
• In death camps engineers designed the most
efficient means of killing millions of men, women
and children
• As Jews reached the camps they were
1. Stripped naked
2. Heads were shaved
3. Divided men and women
4. Separated children from their parents
5. The young and old were targeted for immediate
killing
Nazi Genocide
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Others were worked to death
Some were used for medical experimentation
By 1945 Nazi’s killed six million Jews = Holocaust
Nearly six million other undesirables were killed as
well
Read the following
As Japan expanded across Asia and the
Pacific, it donned the mantle of anti-imperialism.
Under the slogan “Asia for Asians,” it created the
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere. Japan’s self
proclaimed mission was to help Asians escape
western colonial rule. In fact its real goal was a
Japanese empire in Asia.
The Japanese treated the Chinese, Filipinos,
Malaysians, and other conquered people with great
brutality, killing and torturing civilians throughout East
and Southeast Asia. People were shot simply for
listening to Allied radio broadcasts. The Japanese
seized food crops, destroyed cities and towns, and
made local people into slave laborers…
The Allied War Effort
• Allied Powers
Franklin D. Roosevelt
1. The United States of America
2. Great Britain Winston Churchill
3. Union of Soviet Socialists Republics Joseph Stalin
THE BIG 3
Met often to speak strategically about the war,
though they did not trust each other. Decided to
win the war in Europe first, then focus on Asia
Total War
• The United States of American and Great Britain
increased political power of their leaders
• Consumer goods were no longer made in factories
1. Factories no longer made automobiles and
refrigerators (puts people back to work)
2. Factories now make planes and tanks
• Consumer goods were rationed - a fixed amount of
a commodity officially allowed to each person
during a time of shortage, as in wartime
(shoes/sugar)
Total War
• Democratic governments
1. Limited the rights of citizens
2. Censored the press
3. Used propaganda to win public opinion
• Japanese Americans and Japanese Canadians lost
1. Jobs
2. Property
3. Civil rights
• Lost freedom and were forced into internment
camps (seen as a security risk)
http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/japanese-americanrelocation/videos/japanese-internment-in-america
Women Help Win the War
In the factories
• Men join the military –
women go to work
1. Built ships
2. Built planes
3. Produced munitions
4. Staffed offices
In the war
• Women did auxiliary
work
1. Drove trucks
2. Drove ambulances
3. Delivered airplanes
4. Decoded messages
5. Assisted anti-aircraft
workers
Turning Points
• 1942-1943 several Allied victories turned the tide of
battle and pushed back the Axis
El Alamein
(Egypt/North Africa )
• British General Bernard Montgomery drove Axis
forces across Libya into Tunisia
https://www.google.com/maps/search/map+of+nort
h+africa+showing+tunisia/@32.1644517,17.4901983,5z
• Victory comes when Eisenhower trapped the Axis
army in Tunisia and forced them to surrender
Invasion of Italy
• Joint British and U.S. forces head to Italy after Africa
in 1943
• Land in Sicily then move northward
• Defeat the Italians in one month
• Italian citizens and the King overthrow Mussolini
The Red Army Resists
• 1941 – After a triumphant advance the Germans
were halted by the Russian winter outside Moscow
and Leningrad
• 1942 – New German offensive was aimed at oil
fields in southern U.S.S.R
Stalingrad
Costliest battle of WWII
Germans surrounded the city of Stalingrad
Russians encircle the Germans
Germans trapped with no food or ammunition;
surrendered in 1943
• 300,000 German’s killed / wounded / or captured
during the year long battle
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Invasion of France
• Great Britain and the United States of America are
now ready to aid Russia, by engaging war in
Western Europe
• Eisenhower named Supreme Commander to the
Allied Army
• In preparation for an invasion of France Allied
bombers pilots targeted and bombed
1. Factories
2. Aircraft that could be used against the Allied
invasion
3. Cities of Germany
D-DAY
• June 6th 1944
D-DAY
Activity (choose one)
1. Write a poem that captures the essence of what
happened on D-Day
2. Take one of the scenes from D-Day and draw a
graphic comic with dialogue
3. Imagine that you are a soldier on either the
German or Allied side. Write a letter to loved ones
at home about the invasion