Transcript America Enters the War - Kristins World History


US and Japan had negotiated several treaties to respect
each other territorial possessions.

Japan had ignored the treaties and were threatening US
island possessions and the Open Door Policy in China.

Invaded China in 1937 and started WWII in Asia.

US had placed an embargo on war goods so that Japan
could not purchase them.

Japan signed an alliance with Germany and Italy

The Japanese felt if they attacked the US hard enough, we
would back off and let Japan control the Pacific.

This would allow Japan to create their Greater East Asia
Co-Prosperity Sphere.
•Pearl Harbor, on the Island of
O'ahu, Hawaii, (then a territory
of the United States) was
attacked by the Japanese
Imperial Navy, at approximately
8:00 A.M., Sunday morning,
December 7, 1941.
•The surprise attack had been
conceived by Admiral Isoroku
Yamamoto.
•The striking force of 353
Japanese aircraft was led by
Commander Mitsuo Fuchida.
•There had been no formal
declaration of war.
Admiral Isoroku
Yamamoto
Captain Mitsuo
Fuchida
•In less than 2 hours, the Pacific
Fleet lost two battleships, six
others were heavily battered and
nearly a dozen lesser vessels put
out of action.
•More than 150 planes were
wrecked; over 2,300 servicemen
were killed and 1,100 wounded.
•Blame was widespread, both on
the Officials in Washington and on
the Admiral and the General in
Hawaii.
•Over half the U.S. Pacific fleet was out
to sea, including the carriers.
•18 Army Aircorps aircraft including
bombers and fighters and attack
bombers were destroyed or damaged
on the ground.
•A few U.S. fighters struggled into the
air against the invaders and gave a
good account of themselves.
•A total of twenty-nine Japanese
aircraft were shot down by ground fire
and U.S pilots from various military
installations on O'ahu.
Approximately 100 ships of the U.S. Navy were present that morning, consisting
of battleships, destroyers, cruisers and various support ships.
USS Arizona (BB39)
USS West Virginia (BB48)
USS California (BB44)
USS Oklahoma (BB37)
USS Nevada (BB36)
USS Pennsylvania (BB38)
USS Tennessee (BB43)
USS Maryland (BB46)
USS Vestal (AR4)
USS Neosho (AO23)
USS Detroit (CL8)
USS Raleigh (CL7)
USS Utah (AG16)
USS Tangier (AV8)
Battleship
Battleship
Battleship
Battleship
Battleship
Battleship
Battleship
Battleship
Repair ship
Oiler
Light cruiser
Light cruiser
Target Ship
Seaplane Tender
•After FDR’s Day
of Infamy speech
asking for a
declaration of
war against
Japan, Congress
approved the
declaration….
•FDR signed the
declaration of
war against
Japan on Dec. 8,
1941

First Sea Fight in which the enemy
warships never sighted one another.

Airplanes attacked the warships .

Technically the battle was a draw.

Allowed Americans to gain
confidence.

From here on, Pacific battles would
be won based on warship and plane
strength.
TURNING
POINT
BATTLES
1942
•Coral Sea
•Midway
•Midway virtually
destroyed Japanese
Navy.
1943
•Continued “island
hopping” strategy

Island Hopping- capturing some
Japanese controlled islands and
ignoring others in a steady
path to Japan.

This was a slow and steady
process to get to Japan and end
their conquering power.

Iwo Jima- March 1945- 36 days of
fighting= 23, 000 casualties.
Americans won.

Okinawa- April 1945= Most costly
operation in the Pacific. Held a
vital air base. 50, 000
casualties. ½ million troops and
1,213 warships.

Using these places American
troops could bomb Japanese
Islands.
US Marines on Mt. Surbachi,
Iwo Jima [Feb. 19, 1945]
A joint Allied Project consisting of
Canadian, British and U.S. scientists to
build an atomic bomb.
Started in 1940…..
By July 1945, 3 bombs had been built.
1 bomb = 20,000 tons of TNT
One would be set off in New Mexico
successfully.

70,000 killed
immediately

48,000 buildings.
destroyed.

100,000s died of
radiation poisoning &
cancer later.

40,000 killed
immediately

60,000 injured.

100,000s died of
radiation poisoning
& cancer later.
•My fellow Americans, the British,
Chinese and United States
governments have given the Japanese
people adequate warning of what is in
store for them.
•The world will note that the first
atomic bomb was dropped on
Hiroshima, a military base. If Japan
does not surrender, bombs will have to
be dropped on her war industries and
unfortunately thousands of civilian
lives will be lost.
President Harry Truman
•I urge Japanese civilians to leave
industrial cities immediately and save
themselves.
Japanese A-Bomb Survivors
The Beginning of the
Atomic Age
Japan surrenders on Aug. 14, 1945……Official surrender ceremonies were held
on Sept. 2, 1945
V-J Day response
by Americans in
New York City

Hitler wanted to control Stalingrad so he
could overtake Russia and gain control of the
rich oil fields.

Brutal fighting: house to house, block by
block, bombing and much rubble.

The Germans were starving, sick and had
fostbite.

German troops surrendered on January 31,
1943.

Major turning point of war in Europe. Ended
realistic plans of Hitler dominating Europe.

British had been fighting Germany and
Italy since 1940.

El Alamein (Egypt)- October 1942
British Won

Next month Allied troops landed in
Morocco and Algeria and began to move
east toward key German positions.


Dwight Eisenhower (Ike)
George S. Patton, Jr.

July 1943- British
and American troops
landed in Sicily

Sept. 3, 1943 Italy
surrendered and
ended the rule of
Mussolini

Hitler made
Mussolini leader of
puppet state in N.
Italy.

Fighting continued
until 1945
The Allies Liberate Rome:
June 5, 1944
Normandy Beach Today
V-2 ROCKET
V-1 ROCKET
ATOM BOMB
ME-262 FIGHTER JET
FDR dies in
Warm Springs,
Georgia on April
12, 1945
Mussolini is
executed by his
own people on
April 28, 1945
Hitler realizing that
Berlin was about to
fall, married his
mistress, Eva Braun
and both commit
suicide on April 30,
1945.