Transcript The Clouds of War

Causes of World War II
Chapter 26.0
1. Axis Ambition
•Germany
•Italy
•Japan
Axis Powers
2. Allied Appeasement
•Concessions
for peace
•Failure to act
•Axis
emboldened
England
France
3. Racism
• Social Darwinism
• Natural Rights
• Aryans
(Germanic)
• Slavs = lesser
• Jews = nonhuman
4. Fascism and Nazism
• Fascism = extreme
nationalism
• Nazism = extreme
fascism
• Radical theories
• Why were they
embraced?
• “The Aryan race is tall,
long legged, slim. The
race is narrow-faced,
with a narrow
forehead, a narrow
high built nose and a
lower jaw and
prominent chin, the
skin is rosy bright and
the blood shines
through .... the hair is
smooth, straight or
wavy - possibly curly in
childhood. The color is
blond.”
The Clouds of War
Chapter 26.1
Treaty of Versailles
•Intention
•Provisions
•Effect =
•German
anger
Europe – Post WWI
• Depression
effects
• Unrest
• Failure of
democracy
• Public response
• Opportunism
Opportunist #1 – Josef Stalin
• After Lenin
• Reform
• Success?
• Totalitarianism
• Terror
• Example:
Ukraine
• Goal
Opportunist #2 – Benito Mussolini
• Fascist Party
• Blackshirts
• March on Rome
• Totalitarianism
• “Believe, Fight,
Obey”
• Goal
Opportunist #3 – Hideki Tojo
• Depression
• 1930s Military
• Behind the
Scenes
• Totalitarianism
• Western Hatred
• Goal
Opportunist #4 – Adolf Hitler
National Socialism
Beer Hall Putsch
Mein Kampf
Jewish Blame
Jewish Blame
Democratically Elected
Brownshirts
Public Appeal
A Nation Mesmerized
Totalitarianism
Early Aggression
• Threats = Allies AND
Enemies
• German
militarization
• Manchuria (1931)
• Ethiopia (1935)
• Rhineland (1936)
• Spain (1936)
• China (1937)
Query
• Knowing the
goals of Hitler
and Mussolini,
where will
they go?
• Why?
Fascists on the March
• Austria (Anschluss) 1938
• Munich Pact (1938)
• Sudetenland (1938)
• Czechoslovakia
(1939)
• Albania (1939)
• Pact of Steel
• First Vienna Award
• Hungary
Early American Reactions
• FDR opinion
• Public opinion
• Congress
• Amendment?
• Neutrality Acts
• Cash and Carry
War!
• Molotov –
Ribbentrop Pact
• Secret Addendum
• Poland (9/1/39)
Germany
• Britain + France
• World War II has
begun!
• Poland (9/17/39)
• Romania + Finland
Darkness Falls
Chapter 26.2
Blitzkrieg
• Lightning War
• Bomb
• Shell
• Obliterate
• Terrorize
• Occupy
• EFFECTIVE!
Sitzkrieg
• Sit Down War
• “Phony War”
• Maginot Line
• Weakness
Query
• War has begun.
Where does
Hitler go next?
• Why?
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Europe Falls - 1940
Denmark, Norway
(April)
Low Countries
(May)
Ardennes
France (May)
Paris falls (June)
France split
Vichy
Allied Retreat
Operation Dynamo
Free France
Britain = Alone
Winston Churchill
“I have nothing to
offer but blood, toil,
tears, and sweat”
England prepares…
Battle of Britain
• Island
Invincibility
• Operation
Sea Lion
• The Blitz
• Resolve
Britain Stands
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Advantages:
1. Enigma/Ultra
2. Radar
3. Aircraft
“Never in the field
of conflict was so
much owed by so
many to so few”
Query
•Where
will Hitler
go next?
•Why?
Europe Falls – The Balkans
•Greece
•“Ohi”
•Yugoslavia
•Bulgaria
Europe Falls - Russia
• Operation
Barbarossa
• Surprise
• Burn and Destroy
• Moscow
• Leningrad,
Stalingrad
Towards War
1. Arms
2. Draft
3.
rd
3
Party Sales
4. Destroyer Deal
5. Lend-Lease
6. Atlantic Charter
Japanese Aggression
Chapter 26.3
Review
1. What were Japan’s
ambitions at the
outset of WWII?
2. What territories
did they want?
• Greater East Asia
Co-Prosperity
Sphere
• Problem
Japanese Aggression
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Korea (1910)
Manchuria (1931)
= Manchukuo
China (1937)
Rape of Nanjing
Indochina (1940)
Embargo
Catalyst
Peace With America?
• Emperor
Hirohito
• Tojo lies
• Peace talks
• Code breakers
• Warning
Pearl Harbor
• December 7,
1941 (8:00 AM)
• Weaknesses
• Advantage
• Attack!
• Attack!
• “You have
awoken a
sleeping giant.”
Declaration of War
• “Day of Infamy”
• FDR Speech to
Congress
• Public Opinion
• December 8th
• Reciprocation
• WE ARE IN WWII!
Warm Up:
• Explain the rise
of each dictator
in WWII Europe
Review –Early European Aggression
• Rhineland 1936
• Austria
(Anschluss) 1938
• Sudetenland
1938
• Czechoslovakia
1939
• Albania 1939
• Poland 1939