Transcript ch-21-wwii
In the 1930’s neither Germany, Italy, Japan, nor the U.S.S.R. was content with the conditions of the Paris peace conference. Great Britain, France, and the U.S. were satisfied powers but they had lost faith in the conditions and were unwilling to risk war for the sake of upholding them. Pacifism • U.S. • England • France Isolationism • U.S. Appeasement • Daladier • Chamberlain Repudiated the Treaty –Armed the military Reoccupied the Rhineland Anschluss Appeasement Ends Munich Crisis – Sudetenland Spanish Civil War - British Pact with Poland, Greece, and Romania Nazi-Soviet Pact War is coming Sept 1, 1939 Germany Invades Poland Sept 3, 1939 France and Great Britain declare war on Germany U.S.S.R. invades Poland, Baltic States, and Finland “Phony” War – Blitzkrieg – Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France Maginot Line??? Dunkirk and “Vichy” France Italy invades S. France, Greece, and Africa MAGINOT LINE Dunkirk Hitler takes the Balkans • Romania, Bulgaria, & Hungary were Axis • Yugoslavia and Greece were occupied Hitler invades Russia • 3 Million troops • 2000 mile front Battles • Leningrad • Stalingrad • Moscow OPERATION BARBAROSSA Why did the Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor? What was fortunate for the Americans? Montgomery Battle of Stalingrad Battle of El Alamein “Desert Fox” Battle for Italy • What happens to Mussolini Battle of Normandy • June 6 1944 Operation Overlord • General Eisenhower • 130,000 – 1st Day 1 million in a month Battle of the Bulge • General Patton Russian Advances • Why allowed into Berlin 1st? • What was lost because of this? V-E Day • May 8 1945 D-Day German Field Marshall Wilhelm Keitel surrenders at Soviet headquarters in Berlin, May 9, 1945. The war in Europe is over! Nuremberg Laws • Star of David • Jews have to register • Limited in jobs and marriage “Final Solution” • Ghetto’s • Concentration camps • Extermination • Experiments Warsaw Ghetto Liberated camp Coral Sea Midway Battle of Midway USS YORKTOWN HIT BY JAPANESE CARRIER PLANES. IT WAS THE ONLY CARRIER THE U.S. LOST. THE JAPANESE LOST FOUR CARRIERS AND ALL THEIR PILOTS. Island Hopping Major Battles • Philippines • Guam • Guadal Canal • Solomon Island • Wake • Saipan • Marshal Island • Iwo Jima • Okinawa Atomic Bombs • Aug. 6 1945 • Aug. 8 1945 • Aug. 9 1945 • Aug. 14 1945 • Sep. 2 1945 THE DECISION TO DROP THE ATOMIC BOMBS •IWO JIMA, OKINAWA, AND THE KAMIKAZES •FIREBOMBING OF JAPAN •HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI American Casualties for Iwo Jima & Okinawa exceeded 90,000 MODEL OF “LITTLE BOY” ATOMIC BOMB ENOLA GAY, PLANE THAT DROPPED THE BOMB THE CREW OF THE ENOLA GAY, PLANE THAT DROPPED THE FIRST ATOMIC BOMB ON JAPAN Atlantic Charter • Similar to Wilson’s 14 pts • FDR and Churchill Casablanca & Teheran • Unconditional Surrender • Occupation of Germany • Demilitarization of Germany Yalta • E. Europe – Provisional gov’ts until elections • Cuzon Line: Polish border • Germany – 4 zones • Reparations to those who suffered the most • UN • Russia – enters war in East after defeat of Germany Potsdam • Postwar treatment of Germany • Denazification • War criminals • New Big Three