Transcript File - Ms. Astin`s 5th Grade Adventurers

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 Germany
suffered a deep depression (much
like the United States) did after World War
I ended.
 Since Germany was struggling to get back
on track economically, they elected a
strong military leader named Adolf Hitler
in 1932.
 Adolf
Hitler became dictator (a ruler who
has absolute power) of Germany and
blamed the problems of Germany on
everyone other than the ‘Aryan’ people.
 The ‘Aryan’ race is who Hitler thought
were the true German people.
 The Nazi party was Hitler’s political group.
 Many believed that Hitler would help
Germany become a world super power
again.
Dictator – a leader who gains complete
control of a country’s government.
Hitler’s Political party was
called the Nazi party.
If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
They believed in fascism
(individual freedoms are
denied and complete power is
given to the government).
Adolf Hitler
Dictator of Germany - 1933
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 Germany
thought a way to become a
world super power was to invade other
countries.
 Germany invaded Czechoslovakia and
Poland in 1939.
 Germany convinced Joseph Stalin – the
leader of the Soviet Union – to enter a
treaty (agreement) with Hitler.
 The
Japanese had already taken over China
in 1937.
 These acts made several countries nervous,
such as France, Great Britain, Australia,
New Zealand, South Africa, and Canada.
These countries officially declared war in
September 1939.
 This group was called the ALLIED POWERS.
Their goals: to attack and conquer other
countries.
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The Allied Powers started as France, Great Britain,
Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, and Canada. Others
joined later, and some countries (such as the United States
and India) helped but did not officially join the war.
The Axis Powers joined forces to conquer (take over)
other countries. They included Germany, Italy, and Japan.
The Soviet Union had a treaty (agreement) with
Germany, but did not officially join
 Axis
Powers
 Allied
Powers
• Germany-Hitler
• Britain - Churchill
• Italy-Mussolini
• France
• Japan - Hirohito
• Poland
Who started it?
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1. Germany threatened to invade Poland.
2. Britain and France said, “You better not,
or else…”
3. Germany ignored the treat and did it
anyway.
4. Britain and France declared war on
Germany.
5. Unfortunately, Germany quickly
conquered France and Poland.
 Leaders
from the
Allied Powers included
–
• Winston Churchill –
Great Britain
• Harry Truman –
United States
• Franklin Roosevelt –
United States
 Leaders
from the Axis
Powers included –
• Adolf Hitler –
Germany
• Benito Mussolini –
Italy
• Hirohito – Japan
• Joseph Stalin –
Soviet Union
Axis Powers
Italy
Benito Mussolini
Germany
Adolph Hitler
Japan
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Emperor Hirohito
Allied Powers
Great Britain
Winston Churchill
United States
of America
President Roosevelt
Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
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 The
Axis Powers were trying to take over land.
 Germany
took over Denmark, Norway, France,
Belgium, and did so in a blitzkreig way. This
means they went in super fast and aggressive.
 Japan
 Italy
Sea.
took over China in 1937.
took over land around the Mediterranean
Problem
 Winston Churchill (leader of Britain)
needed U.S. help!
 Americans didn’t want another World
War. (isolationism)
Solution
 Lend-Lease policy – The U.S. let Britain
borrow military supplies without
officially entering the war.
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 The
United States tried to stay neutral during the
start of the war, but they did send supplies to
Great Britain.
 When the Japanese bombed a naval base in
PEARL HARBOR, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941,
the United States declared war on Japan and
joined the Allies in the war.
 The Japanese also attacked Hong Kong, Shanghai,
the Philippines, Thailand, Guam, and Malaya,
which were historically controlled U.S. territories.
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America
Spoke out against Japanese expansion
Japan
Thought the U.S. was standing in their way
Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
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If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
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Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
 During
the war, much of consumer goods were
limited to only what was necessary for survival.
 Most
food was “rationed” meaning, families could
only buy a certain amount of items such as butter,
sugar, meat, flour, etc.
 Many
people started gardens in order to have fruit
and vegetables to eat.
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Women had to go to work in the factories. The term “Rosie the
Riveter” described women who went to work during the war.
Many lower class women worked before the war, but women in the
middle class went to work during the war as well.
When the men came back from war, women left the jobs in factories
and as laborers, but continued to work as teachers, nurses, etc.
In the United States, many men joined the military to help fight in the
war.
The Tuskegee Airmen were a group of African American pilots who
fought for the Army during World War II.
This was the first group of African American pilots in the U.S. Military.
Served in Military
Airplane Pilots
Radio Operators
What were
the roles of
women
during
WWII?
Nurses
Mechanics
Rosie the Riveter
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Athletes
If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
What were
the roles of
African
Americans
during WWII?
Tuskegee Airmen
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How did Americans help the war effort?
 Scrap drives
 Rationing
 Victory Gardens
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Supply and Demand
Allied Powers need weapons
– We can make them.
How did this get us out of the
Great Depression?
How did this impact our economy?
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The Japanese just bombed Pearl Harbor.
How did this make Americans feel about
the Japanese living in America?
Japanese
Internment Camps
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If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
Japanese Internment Camps
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In Germany, and the countries it took over, Hitler took
away the rights of Jews.
They had to wear yellow stars to be identified.
Hitler blamed the Jewish people for much of the
problems in Germany.
The Nazis burned down Jewish temples and forced Jewish
people into concentration camps.
In concentration camps, people were gassed, shot, starved
to death, and died of diseases.
Those people who tried to help the Jews were also sent
to concentration camps.
Six million Jews and five million civilians were killed by
the Nazis as a result of the Holocaust.
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 On
June 6, 1944, Allied forces stormed the
beaches of Normandy, France. This was called DDay.
 This was a surprise attack, and the attack moved
through France.
 On August 25, 1944, the Allied forces reached
Paris to take back France from the Nazis.
 The Allied Powers stormed through Europe and
liberated, or freed, prisoners from concentration
camps.
 The War in Europe ended in May 8, 1945 – this
was known as V-E Day, or Victory in Europe Day.
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If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
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 By
the end of 1942, Japan controlled much of
East Asia and the Pacific Ocean.
 The Japanese thought they were the best,
smartest, and strongest group.
 The country thought their Emperor (Hirohito)
was a god.
 The Japanese crashed warplanes into ships – this
was called kamikaze attacks.
 The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor, and this
caused the United States to get into World War II.
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The Allied forces led an attack in the Pacific.
Iowa Jima and Okinawa were taken from Japan.
In 1945, President Roosevelt died in office, but Harry Truman, who
was vice president, took over.
President Truman decided to drop atomic bombs – very powerful
weapons – on Japan as a retaliation to Pearl Harbor.
Truman dropped the first bomb in Hiroshima, and it killed 140,000
people.
Truman dropped the second bomb in Nagasaki, which killed about
75,000 people.
As a result, Japan surrendered in August 15, 1945.
This was known as V-J Day, which was Victory in Japan Day. This
happened September 2, 1945.
If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
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If the pink gorilla eats watermelon every
night, how much watermelons does he eat?
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First Atomic Bomb used in war.
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Second Atomic Bomb used in war.
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The United Nations, which was 26 Allied nations, was
created during 1942.
This was created to ensure that a war like World War II
would never happen again.
It began on October 24, 1945, and is still around today
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