Transcript sswh18-all-2016-whs

SSWH18a
Conflicts of Note
Battle of Britain
• First "Air Force" battle
– Begins June 1940
– Between the German
“Luftwaffe” and the British
“RAF” (Royal Air Force
• Takes place over Britain
– RADAR
• Warned citizens of
incoming attacks and
allowed time to evacuate
• Pearl Harbor – “a date that will
live in infamy”
– December 7, 1941
– Japanese sneak attack on the
US fleet
– Draws the US into WWII
• El Alemein
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Oct. 1942
North Africa
Largest tank battle EVER
Allied forces - Montgomery
Axis – Mainly Germany
Rommel
– AXIS POWERS LOSE
• Battle of Stalingrad
– July 1942 – Feb. 1943
– Germans advance to Stalingrad in RUSSIA
– German LOSS
• Begins the eastern advance west toward Berlin
Stalingrad
Teheran Conference
• Dec. 1943
• Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin meet face to face
• The topic of conversation is the creation a western
front
– Purpose, to force Germany into a two-front war in
Europe
• Agree to the creation of the United Nations
D-Day
• Unified Allied invasion of Northern France
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June 6, 1944
Purpose: Open a western theatre of war in Europe
Invaded along the beaches of France
High casualties on both sides
British, US, “French,” and others
Allied powers win
Dover – the decoy
D- Day
Guadalcanal
• Aug. 1942 – Feb.
1943
• Naval Battle in
World War II
• First major
offensive attack
for Allied forces
against Japan in
the Pacific
Theater
• Strategic Allied
Victory
Pacific Strategy
Island Hopping: amphibious
landings on island chains across
the Pacific, getting closer and
closer to mainland Japan
MacArthur returning to the Philippines
Philippines
• Battle between Allied forces and Japan
• Results in Allied Victory (EVENTUALLY)
• Key support from Australia (air, sea, land)
Bataan Death March
• Before the Allied Victory
• April 9, 1942
• U.S. surrender to Japan at
Bataan Peninsula (Philippines)
• Appx. 75,000 Filipino and
American troops force to
march 65-miles to prison
camps.
– Intense heat and harsh
treatment by Japanese lead to
thousands of death
Battle of Midway
Turning point of the war
in the pacific
June 5th 1942
Code breakers intercepted
Japan’s messages and plans for
battle
While the Japanese forces were
spread out in the Pacific,
American forces were
concentrated @ Midway
US destroyed 4 Japanese aircraft
carriers and 250 aircraft on board
Japanese could no longer launch
offensive attacks
Battle of the Bulge
• Dec. 1944 – Jan. 1945
• Last German offensive
during WWII
– Bloodiest campaign in
Europe
– Marked the last
obstacle as Allied
troops moved towards
Berlin
Nazism
• Supreme power
of leader
• Extreme
nationalism
• State control of
a totalitarian
state
• Anti-Semitism
was a key part
of ideology.
Anti-Semitism
• Final Solution
– Mein Kampf
• Kristallnacht
(night of
broken glass)
– First act of aggression
against Jewish
population
• Ghettos
• Genocide
– Elimination of a “race”
of people
• Holocaust
– 11 million people
V-E Day
• Stalingrad, Battle of Bulge
– Forced Germany back to center
May 8th of 1945
Above:
Trafalgar
Square, London
Left: NY Times
shows Times
Square, NYC
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
• Hiroshima: dropped, 8/6/45
– Plane – Enola Gay
– Bomb – “Big Boy”
• Nagasaki: dropped, 8/9/45
• V-J Day
– August 15, 1945
– Brought the end of WWII in the
Pacific
– Official surrender took place on
September 2, 1945 on the USS
Missouri
Yalta Conference
WHO
• Big Three
– USA: Roosevelt
– U.K.: Churchill
– U.S.S.R.: Stalin
WHEN
• February 1945
WHERE
City of Yalta on the
Black Sea
WHAT
• They agreed that Poland,
Bulgaria, and Romania
would host free elections
– Adhering to the Policy of
self-determination
– Soviet Union occupied
these states, Stalin was
not compelled to enforce
this policy
Potsdam Conference
WHO
• Big Three
WHAT
• Decide to divide Germany into
four
zones
of
occupation
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– USA: Truman
USA, GB, FR, USSR
– U.K.: Atlee
• Agreed to new borders for
– U.S.S.R.: Stalin
Poland and free elections
• Stalin also reaffirmed his
WHEN
intentions to enter the war
• July 1945
against Japan
• (Truman learns that the
WHERE
Atomic bomb has been
Potsdam – a suburb successfully tested)
of Berlin
• WHAT NEXT???
War Ends
– Marshall Plan
• US plan to rebuild Europe (west)
– MacArthur in Japan
• US plan to rebuild Japan
More Post-War
• Cold War
– Indirect conflict between USSR and US
• “Iron Curtain”
– Churchill’s metaphor for the divide between good
(NATO) and bad (Warsaw Pact)
• Truman Doctrine
– Effort to CONTAIN communism