Transcript Chapter 27 Section 3 Lecturex

VICTORY IN EUROPE
Chapter 27, Section 3
Review

U.S. first offensive in Europe started out rather
cautiously.
 What
was this offensive called?
 What was the plan?

Allies now going into the soft underbelly of Europe
Allied Attacks in the Mediterranean
Allied Attacks in the Mediterranean

Invasion of Italy


North Africa offered a gateway to Sicily
July 1943 – Allied troops subdued Sicily in a little over a month


Italian king named new prime minister to replace Mussolini and
ordered his arrested.



Germans took Mussolini – set up a base for him in northern Italy
January 1944 – Allies landed in south Rome at Anzio


Guided by George S. Patton
Rome falls to U.S. and Britain
1945 – Germans occupying Italy defeated; Mussolini captured and
shot by Italian rebels
Question: Why was losing Italy an important defeat to the
Axis powers?
Sea and Air Assaults


German U-boats continued to take a toll on allied ships,
lives, and supplies
Battle of the Atlantic turned in the Allies favor because
of refined sonar equipment.




Uses sound waves to detect underwater objects
Allies developed fast escort ships for convoys
Allies air bombed German U-boats and submarine
yards
1944 – Allies won Battle of the Atlantic
Creative Representation

After being cautious at the beginning of the war,
the Allies were starting to turn the war in Europe
to their favor.




Draw an image or icon that represents this problem
and how it worked in America
Surround your image with a word cloud including at
least 5 nouns, 5 verbs, and 5 adjectives
Discuss and develop with your partner
You have 6 minutes
Operation Overlord

Allied invasion of German-occupied France
U.S. Army chief of staff and key allied strategist George C.
Marshall led the planning
 General Dwight D. Eisenhower led the invasion



Dummies and false clues installed to convince Germans
the invasion would be near Calais on the English
Channel
Instead, Allies landed farther north in Normandy on DDay

June 6, 1944
Operation Overlord


General Omar
Bradley led troops
that landed at
Normandy
Planes dropped
23,000 airborne
troops
 Bombed
roads,
bridges, and German
troop concentrations
Operation Overlord

Germans fortified Normandy beaches with concrete
bunkers, tank traps, and mines
 Allied
campaign of disinformation and distraction had
done its job

Hitler refused to send reinforcements to Normandy
because he believed the main invasion would be
elsewhere
Operation Overlord

Success:
 20
miles into France by early July
 Liberated Paris on August 25, 1944
 Early September – 2 million Allied troops landed in
western Europe
Video

Answer these questions while watching the video:
How did the men prepare for D-Day?
 How did their generals attempt to keep morale up, knowing
their men would most likely die in battle? Cite specific
examples.
 Write down specific strategic information pertaining to DDay that you saw in the video.
 How did Saving Private Ryan depict the chaos that ensued
on D-Day?

The Holocaust


Nazi Germany’s systematic slaughter of European
Jews, Gypsies, Poles, mentally disabled, and
religious and political prisoners.
Made camps specifically for genocide
 Deliberate

annihilation of an entire people
Nazis called the extermination program the “final
solution of the Jewish problem”
Defeating Germany

Hitler refused to give up.
Battle of the Bulge


September 1944 – Allies crossed German border
Germans launch final counterattack
 Thickly
wooded Ardennes region of Belgium and
northern France
 Pushed to create a dangerous bulge in the Allied lines
 200,000

Germans vs. 80,000 U.S. troops
Allied generals rushed in reinforcements and pushed
Germans back
Video

Answer these questions while watching the video:
 What
is Germany’s strategy at the Battle of the Bulge?
 How does the situation for the Americans get worse?
 Why were Americans refreshed by the victory in the
Ardennes?
The Yalta Conference

February 1945 –
President Franklin D.
Roosevelt, Prime
Minister Winston
Churchill, and Joseph
Stalin met to plan for
postwar peace
The Yalta Conference


Stalin pledged to
declare war on Japan
three months after
Germany’s surrender
Agreed to divide and
occupy Germany after
the war and outlined
plans for a new
international peace
organization
Presidency

Urgency of the war effort convinced President
Roosevelt to run for an unprecedented fourth term
 Missouri

Senator, Harry S. Truman as his running mate
Roosevelt won the election
The Race to Berlin

Early months of 1945 – Allied bombers continued to
blast German cities
 Leipzig



and Berlin
March 1945 – Allied troops crossed the Rhine River
from the west and drove into the heart of Germany
Soviet troops occupied much of eastern Europe
April 1945 – Allied advance halted at the Elbe
River
End of the Fuhrer



April 30, 1945 – Hitler committed suicide in his
bunker deep under the ruins of Berlin.
May 7, 1945 – Germany surrendered
unconditionally
May 8, 1945 – known as V-E (Victory in Europe)
Day
 Marked
the formal end of a brutal war that held
Europe in its grip for more than five years
Video

Answer these questions while watching the video:
 How
did the Allies celebrate their victory over
Germany?
 What was President Truman’s message to the American
people?