Transcript US Entry in World War II

U.S Entry in World War II
By: Emily Stallings
Sierra Maddox
Caroline Karnatz
Tyler Parker
Ben Schniederjans
Hannah Bengtson
Franklin D. Roosevelt
• Was the President of the United States during
World War II
• Made many new laws in order to keep the U.S
neutral including the Neutrality Act, LendLease act, and the cash and carry act
• Helped convince the citizens of the United
States in was in their best interest to join the
war
FDR cont.
• Made new programs to help the United States come out
of the depression such as the New Deal and the Fair Deal
• Helped congress make the decisions on which law should
be passed when and which ones should not be passed at
all
• Tried to help keep the U.S. Neutral as long as he could
without putting the citizens lives in danger
• Continued to help other countries through their times of
need and establishing relationships with those countries
• He was one of the greatest presidents to ever take over
the United States
Dwight D. Eisenhower
• 5 star general for the United States Army
• Helped led American troops into essential battles in
the Cold War
• Signed the treaty with Russia that ended the Cold
War after Stalin died
• Was the 34th President of the United States of
America
• Continued most of the New Deal and Fair Deal
Programs
• Helped maintain World Peace
Dwight D. Eisenhower cont.
• Helped aid in the desegregation of schools
• Desegregated the Armed Forces
• “There must be no second class citizens”-D. D.
Eisenhower
• Helped keep military power so that it was strong but
not strong enough to threaten other countries with
its size
• Finally helped end the war and signed the treaty that
officially ended World War II
George S. Patton
• Graduated at West Point in 1909
• First officer to be assigned to the United States Tank
Corps and therein saw French action
• The “slapping incident” of 1943 nearly ended his military
career
• General Dwight D. Eisenhower took over for Patton
afterward, but Patton was given command of the U.S.
Third Army afterward.
• During the Invasion of Normandy, Patton positioned
himself so that the air fleet would be at his flank and
therein demonstrated his understanding of battle tactics.
U.S. Neutrality
• The U.S. was hesitant to join in other world affairs
because they had lost so many young man in World War I
• This was reflected in Congress and they soon elected the
Neutrality Act of 1937
• This act made it unlawful to trade with Belligerents
• The European War then broke out and Congress decided
to amended the act in order to permit trading with
France and Great Britain
• In March of 1941, Congress made some more changed to
the Neutrality act so they could send more help to France
and Britain
U.S. Neutrality cont.
• The Lend-Lease act then gave one of the final blows
to U.S. Neutrality
• 1941-Britain and the U.S. meet to see if the United
States should join World War II
• They decided that if the United States entered the
war, that they would focus on taking down Germany
• The President moved naval patrols in the Western
Half of the Atlantic
• By July, American troops were stationed in Britain
ready to go into battle
U.S. Neutrality cont.
• President Roosevelt still did not enter the war
completely because U.S. citizens were still invested in
Neutrality
• In December, the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor and
the Americans were ready to go to war
• On December 8, 1941, the day after the attack on
Pearl Harbor, America declared war on Germany and
Japan
Lend-Lease Act
• This policy was adopted by the United States to help
aid its Allies during World War II
• The system provided the Allies with:
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Planes
Food
Water
Ammunition
Tanks
Trucks
Raw Materials
Lend-Lease Act cont.
• $49 Billion went to aid British Commonwealth
countries
• The Soviet Union, China, and many other countries
also received some form of help from the United
States
• United States troops stationed all over the world
received about $8 billion in aid from the countries
they were in
Lend-Lease Act cont.
• Franklin D. Roosevelt promised in 1940 to materially
aid the allies
• However, France had to spend their money on
growing arm purchases from the United States.
• France could not pay, so the President urged
Congress to let the allies pay them back “in kind or
property”
• The Lend-Lease Act was Passed in 1941, even though
some said that it led the United States closer to the
war
Cash and Carry Policy of 1939
• Replaced the Neutrality Act of 1936
• This policy said the U.S. would sell war material to all warring
countries if they were to ship over to the U.S. and assume all
responsibility at sea.
• This was done to continue selling to Britain while not playing
an active part in the war.
• They also did this because they knew Germany did not have
sufficient funds to successfully sail across the Englishcontrolled Atlantic.
• This also prevented any investments in any one country, so
technically this policy was neutral.
• However, this left the Allies short on funds and they had to
revise the plan.
Pearl Harbor
• Japanese bombed Hawaii’s Pearl Harbor
• The attack took place on the morning of December 7,
1941
• The attack damaged or sunk 19 ships, including 8
battleships
• More than 2,300 Americans were killed
• President Roosevelt and Congress declared war on Japan
and it’s allies on the same day (December 8, 1941)
• “A date that will live in infamy” –President Roosevelt
The Allies Strike Back (Pearl Harbor Cont.)
• In April 1942, 16 B-25 bombers bombed Tokyo and
several other Japanese cities under Lieutenant Colonel
James H. Doolittle’s command
• The bombs did little damage to the cities
• The raid made an important psychological point to
Americans and Japanese: Japan was vulnerable to attack
• Japanese resources began to thin as Japan was under
attack
• “We started to doubt that we were invincible”– Japanese
citizen
An Allied Offensive (Pearl Harbor Cont.)
• General Douglas MacArthur was the commander of
the allied forces in the Pacific
• He developed a plan to handle Japanese troops
• He believed storming each island would be a long
costly effort (island-hop)
• August 7, 1942, several thousand U.S. Marines, with
Australian support landed on Guadalcanal and the
neighboring island of Tulagi
• “Hell is an enemy… so fanatic that it used its own
dead bodies as booby traps.” – Ralph G. Martin
Battle of Midway
• Fought in June 1942
• One of the most decisive battle of World War II
• Four Japanese naval ships were destroyed by the
Americans and this greatly destroyed Japan’s naval
strength
• Japan’s navy never really recovered from this U.S.
victory which might have cost them the war
Battle of Guadalcanal
• August 7, 1942 to February 9, 1943
• This occurred on and around the island of
Guadalcanal in the Pacific theatre of WWII
• It was part of the Allied strategic plan to protect
the convoy routes between the U.S. and New
Zealand.
• The Allies overwhelmed the outnumbered
Japanese defenders, who had occupied the
islands since May 1942, and captured Tulagi and
Florida, as well as the airfield that was under
construction on Guadalcanal.
Battle of Okinawa
• The U.S. planned to capture Okinawa which would
help them win the far east
• They wanted to destroy Japan’s merchant fleet and
used near by air strips for bombing raids on Japan’s
industrial heartland
• American losses on land totaled 7,373 to death and
32,056 to wounds
• At sea, the American losses were 5,000 killed and
4,600 wounded
Battle of Okinawa cont.
• Japan’s losses totaled 107,000 killed and 7,400
men taken as prisoners
• Out of the 193 Kamikaze attacks launched
against the American flee, 169 were destroyed
• This was a significant win for the American
troops
Battle of the Bulge
• The Battle of the Bulge started in December of 1944
• Also known as the Battle if the Ardennes
• Marshal von Rundstedt led a strong German force
against the U.S.
• The Germans tried to take advantage of the foggy
weather by attacking Belgium grounds
• Was the last major Nazi offensive attack against the
allies
• Called the Battle of the Bulge because the Germans
created a bulge in the allies front line
Battle of Bulge cont.
• American forces suffered 81,000 men to
death, injuries, and capture
• German forces lost 100,000 men to death,
injuries, and capture
• 600,000 U.S soldiers were involved in this
battle
• It was one of the bloodiest battle in World
War II
Battle of Iwo Jima
• Fought from February 19, 1945 to March 26, 1945.
• Battle where the U.S. fought for and captured Iwo
Jima from Japan.
• The invasion was charged with the mission of
capturing three airfields in Iwo Jima.
• The battle produced some of the bloodiest and
fiercest fighting in the Pacific Campaign of WWII.
• The Japanese positions on the island were heavily
fortified with fast bunkers, hidden artillery, and 18
km (11 miles) of underground tunnels.
Battle of Berlin
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April 16, 1945
The final battle on the eastern front
Soviet troops attempted to capture Berlin
German troops fought to the last man, but the Soviet
victory was inevitable.
• This battle finally ended the war and the German’s
surrendered
• May 8th the German’s stopped firing and it is now
known as V-E or Victory Day in all European counties
WWII Tactics Employed by the U.S.
• The U.S. was better at air warfare than land combat
• Air warfare consisted of two parts: tactical and
strategic
• U.S. bombers were slow, heavily armed, and in the
beginning were unescorted
• Air warfare efforts were costly but effective in the
United States
• United States employed its strategic warfare during
the day, which was considerably more accurate than
flying by night
WWII U.S Tactics Cont.
• The U.S. dropped its forces off in North Africa and
wanted to defeat the enemies quickly
• The U.S. adopted the German tactic of attack
submarines by the “wolf-pack” technique
• U.S. was going to use the atomic bomb on Germany,
but they withdrew before the U.S had the chance to
• Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima were used
as test subjects
Effects on the Homefront
• Rationing was very important because the leftover
food was sent to the slodiers for them to eat
• The women back home took the jobs of men
• Donating was very helpful
• “Baby Boom” ; 1942
• Women were urged by organized propaganda
campains
Impact of World War II on the U.S.
• The economy was increased greatly, even more than
World War I
• The depression was ended
• New technological advances were taking place
• More and more jobs were created
• New industries were built anywhere and everywhere
over the United States
• The U.S. economy dominated all others
• Became one of the world’s leading militaries
• They became a more apparent world leader
Impact cont.
• Medical advancements led to a healthier life
• A feeling of nationalism and safety was established
among the people
• More support of the government
• Many people were lost
• Families were torn apart
• Air conditioning was invented
• Urbanization
• Unexpected economy growth
Quiz
1. What Policy was adopted by the United
States to help aid its allies during World War
II?
a) The Allies Act
b) Lend-Lease Act
c) Neutrality Act
d) The Strike Tact
Quiz
2. The Allies strike back against Pearl Harbor
attack. To whom was the U.S. attack on?
a) Germany
b) China
c) Indonesia
d) Japan
Quiz
3. What was the United State’s main tactic that
was costly but highly effective?
a) Nuclear Bombing
b) Poison Gas
c) Air Warfare
d) Submarine Warfare
Quiz
4. The Neutrality Act of 1937 was passed
because of…
a) U.S. was hesitant to join other world affairs
because of the losses in World War I
b) Because they wanted to enter the war
c) They wanted to focus on their economy
d) They did not have enough money to go into
the war
Quiz
5. Which of the following is NOT an impact of
World War II
a) The economy was increase
b) More jobs became available
c) Technological advances were sinking and
making no progress
d) The depression was ended after several years
Quiz
1. What were some of Roosevelt’s main
accomplishment during his time in the army
and as the president of the United States?
2. List some of the ways the home front was
effected by the war and how the women
were able to keep the country up and
running
3. Explain the events that finally made the
United States enter World War II
Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
B, The Lend-Lease Act
D, Japan
C, Air warfare
A, U.S. was hesitant to join other world
affairs because of the losses in World War I
5. C, Technological advances were sinking and
making no progress
Answers
1. He keep the United States neutral as long as
he could but still continued to help other
countries entered in the war. He was one of
the most respected presidents because he
created laws the keep the U.S. out of the war.
He also created acts such as the New Deal
and the Fair Deal in order to get the United
States out of the depression that had
dropped their economy so badly.
Answers
2. The home front was effected in many ways
from the war. The people at home had to
ration their food out so they could send some
to the soldiers. Also, they have to give up
things such as toys and new clothes to send
the materials to the war effort. Many people
planted “victory gardens” and bought war
bonds in order to help out the war and the
women had to work in the factories making
guns and other objects to send to the army.
Answers
3. The event that finally caused the U.S. to enter
the world would be the Japanese attack on
Pearl Harbor. On the morning of December 7,
1941 the Japanese attack Pear Harbor killing
2, 300 Americans. The Americans were filled
with pride for their country and urged
congress to drop the Neutrality act so they
could go to war. They then declared war on
Japan the very next day December 8, 1941