Transcript Section 3 - Mr. Cosbey

The Allies Turn the Tide
All-out war
• To defeat the Axis war machine, the Allies had to commit
themselves to total war- nations devoted all of their resources to
the war effort.
• Government Increases power – to achieve maximum war
production the U.S. and Great Britain governments increased their
political power by ordering:
- factories to stop making cars or refrigerators and make
tanks and
planes.
- programs to ration food and other vital goods consumers
could buy.
- raised money by holding war bond drives (citizens donate
money).
- prices and wages were also regulated.
- the increase in production ended the unemployment of the
depression era.
-
Limited rights of
citizens
• Under the pressure of war, even democratic governments limited
the rights of citizens, censored the press, and used propaganda to
win public support for the war.
• In Canada and the U.S., many citizens of Japanese descent lost
their jobs, property, and civil rights and were placed in
internment camps.
• Santa Anita Racetrack in Arcadia was one of several sites for
Japanese-Americans to be placed in internment camps.
Internment Camps
Women Help
Win the War
• As men joined the military, millions of women around the
world replaced them in war industry jobs by building ships,
planes and ammunition.
• British and American women served in the armed forces in
many auxiliary roles – driving ambulances, delivering airplanes
and decoding messages.
• Some women even fought in battle.
• Soviet pilot Lily Litvak shot down 12 German planes before she
was killed.
• Marie Fourcade, a French women, helped downed Allied piolts
escape to safety.
Rosie the riveter
Outline
I.
The Allies Forge Ahead winning victories on four fronts – (1)the
Pacific, (2)North Africa and Italy, (3)the Soviet Union, and
(4)France.
A. Japanese Navy Battered
1.
2.
B. The Big Three Plot Their Strategy
1.
2.
3.
C. Allied Victory in North Africa.
1.
2.
3.
D. Allies Advance Through Italy.
1.
2.
E. Germans Defeated at Stalingrad.
1.
2.
3.
The D-DAY ASSAULT
• By 1944, the Western Allies were ready to open a second front in
Europe by invading France.
• To prepare the way for the invasion, Allied bombers flew constant
missions over Germany, targeting factories and destroying aircrafts.
• The Allies chose June 6, 1944 – known as D-Day – for the invasion
of France.
• Just before midnight on June 5, Allied planes dropped paratroopers
behind enemy lines.
• Then at dawn, thousands of ships ferried 156,000 Allied troops
across the English Channel to Normandy Beach in France.
Witness History
Video
- Triumph at Normandy -
Allies Continue to
Advance
• In early August of 1944, a massive armored division under
General George S. Patton helped break through German defenses and advance
toward Paris. Within a month, all of France was free.
• For two years, Allied bombers hammered military bases, factories, railroads, oil
depots, and cities crippling Germany’s industries.
• After freeing France, Allied forces battled toward Germany.
• Germany launched a massive counter attack at the bloody month-long
Battle of the Bulge where both sides took terrible losses. Germany was unable to
break through.
• The Soviet Union moved in on Berlin from the east while the Allies advanced from
the west.
• Hitler’s support within Germany was declining, and he survived an assassination
attempt by German senior officers.
Uneasy agreement at
YALTA
• In February of 1945, “The Big Three” -Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin
met again at Yalta, in the southern Soviet Union.
• There they planned war strategy in an atmosphere of distrust.
• Stalin wanted control of Eastern Europe to protect the Soviet Union
form future aggression.
• Churchill and Roosevelt wanted self-determination for the people of
Eastern Europe, but they needed Stalin’s help to win the war.
• The three leaders agreed that the Soviet Union would enter the war
against Japan 3 months after Germany’s surrender.
• In return Churchill and Roosevelt promised Stalin an occupation zone in
Korea, and that Germany would be divided up in four zones, to be
governed by American, French, British, and Soviet forces.
• Stalin promised free elections in Eastern Europe, which he later ignored.