Transcript Treaty of Versailles2

Let’s Discuss…
1. Why did so many people believe this was
the “War to end all Wars”?
2. Do you believe it is possible to prevent
WAR? Why or why not?
3. Knowing what you know about World War
One, what are some ways World War Two
could have been prevented?
Aim: What challenges were leaders of the Allied
countries forced to deal with as the war came to a
close?
Title: A flawed peace and its dire consequences
Do Now:
1. Discuss this question with the person next to
you and be prepared to share with the class
a. Think of an argument or conflict you
have had with someone. How did you end
it? Was it completely squashed, or does it
still come up?
OBJECTIVE I
1.Upon the conclusion of a war, major fight, what happens/occurs
afterwards?
- Students are asked to list and then examine at least two (2)
things that often occur/happens once a war has concluded
its course.
- If any, what problems might the differing “parties” face right
after the war?
- Can a post war era lead to another war? Why, or why not?
A Flawed Peace?
1. Now, based on the Do Now, how
likely will excess punishment lead to
more misbehavior? Think carefully
prior to responding.
- Always? Sometimes? Or never?
A Flawed Peace :
World War I Ends
(Ch. 27. 4 – 27.5)
The Allies meet at
Versailles
• Delegates represented 32
different countries.
• Russia, Germany, and Germany’s
allies were not represented.
• Most decisions were made by the
big four:
•
•
•
•
Woodrow Wilson – U.S.
Georges Clemenceau – France
David Lloyd George – Great Britain
Vittorio Orlando – Italy
• Some countries not invited to Paris: LOSER were not
welcomed to this party.. wink! wink!
German Republic
Why? need to
blame Germans
Austria-Hungary
Why? Country to
be broken up
Lenin & Russia
Why? Traitor &
don’t like
communists!
Ottoman Empire
Why? Will also be broken
up – British want Mid East
Colonies seeking Independence
Nationalist leaders not invited or
asked to leave
Paris Peace Conference
• The PPC begins in January of 1919
• The big four goals:
1) Woodrow Wilson - USA
2) Lloyd George – Great Britain
Wants lasting peace!
1)Fourteen Points
Punish Germany!
1)German reparations
a)Self determination
b)League of Nations
3) Georges Clemenceau - France
2)Weaken German Army
3) Central Powers
should lose territory
4) Vittorio Orlando - Italy
Get Revenge!
1)Blame Germany for war
2)Take back territory
3) German reparations
Get Anything!
1)Want land from
Austria-Hungary
Chapter 27 – Section 4 & 5 A FLAWED PEACE
WILSON’S goal of achieving a JUST peace
differed from the peace objective of FRANCE
and BRITAIN
• A just and lasting
peace;
• An end to secret
treaties
• Freedom of the seas
• Free Trade
• Reduction of
EVERYONE’S
armies and navies
• Self-Determination
for colonies
• The creation of a
WORLD PEACE
ORGANIZATION
• Concerned with
National Security
• Concerned with
cost of rebuilding
nations’ lands
• Desire to strip
Germany of its
war-making
power
• Make Germany
pay!
Treaty of Versailles
Treaty of Versailles
• 1918: Treaty signed
by Great Britain,
France, United
States, Italy,
Germany, and
Austria
• Treaty officially ends
World War I
• Treaty decided the
direction of the World
After World War I
What was the Treaty Supposed
To Do?
• A fair peace achieved
by ending secret
treaties
• freedom of the seas
• free trade between
nations
• smaller militaries
What was the Treaty
Supposed To Do?
• fairness towards
colonized peoples
• League of Nations: an
international world wide
peace keeping organization
• self-determination:
letting colonized peoples
rule themselves
What Did Great Britain and
France Want the Treaty to Do?
• TO PUNISH
GERMANY!
• Reward themselves
• strip Germany of its
ability to wage war,
Punishment for Germany
• Germany lost a lot of
territory!!
• Germany had to pay $33
Billion in reparations to
GB/Fr.
• Germany had severe
restrictions placed on its
military
• “War-Guilt Clause:”
accept total blame for the
war
U.S. President Woodrow
Wilson
Wilson’s 14 Points
• President Wilson’s Plan to maintain
world peace after World War I
Wilson’s 14 Points
• Included League of Nations: an
international peace keeping
organization
League of Nations
• America did not join: they didn’t want to be
dragged into future European wars because of
treaties or alliances
• Without U.S. support the League of Nations
was unable to take action in various problems
and disputes around the world
• What does
this political
cartoon
suggest
about the
League of
Nations?
• What
does this
political
cartoon
suggest
about the
League of
Nations?
The cartoon shows U.S. Pres. Thomas
Woodrow Wilson blowing bubbles
Countries Feel Cheated
• a legacy of
resentment and
rage amongst
Germans
• Africans/Asians were
angry they weren’t
granted independence
• Japan and Italy angry they
weren’t given as much land
as GB and France
Legacy of the Treaty of
Versailles
• Problems, greed, shortcomings of the
Treaty of Versailles caused more anger,
frustration, and resentment that before
World War I
• The Shortcomings of the Treaty eventually
allowed _____________to rise to power……………
LEGACY OF THE TREATY OF
VERSAILLES
Bitterness and Loss!!!
Why did the USA Reject the
Treaty?
Why did many countries feel bitter
and
cheated as a result of the treaty?
GERMANY …
AFRICANS & ASIANS …
How did this rejection affect the
League of Nations?
JAPANESE & ITALIANS…
LEGACY OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES
Bitterness and Loss!!!
Why did the USA Reject the
Treaty?
1.
2.
Senate and citizens object to the
League of Nations… Did not want
to align with European
“WARMONGERS”
Believed the USA should Stay out
of Europe’s Affairs…
Isolationists/Neutrality attitude.
ISOLATIONISM!!!
How did this rejection affect the
League of Nations?
Without American support, League is
unable to Succeed…
NO MILITARY TO ENFORCE
ITS DECISIONS!!!
Why did many countries feel bitter
and
cheated as a result of the treaty?
GERMANY …
War Guilt left Legacy of hatred!
(Unfortunately, this
“PUNISHMENT” of Germany,
added to the Great Depression,
led to the rise of the National
Socialist German Workers Party
aka NAZI Party & some guy
named, Adolf Hitler (a decorated
WWI veteran)… By any chance,
have you heard of him? Hmmm!)
AFRICANS & ASIANS …
Angry that they were not granted
independence!
JAPANESE & ITALIANS… This will
later lead to future imperialism
for both countries. As a result,
like the Great War (WWI) it was
one of the primary causes of
WWII.
Gained less land than they wanted.
Germany
• Peace seen as imposed & harsh
both by
• New regime (Socialists and
Catholics)
• Supporters of older order
• Germany weakened, but
• neither entirely
• nor permanently
• Reject war guilt clause
• Reluctant to acknowledge
defeat
Adolph Hitler (r. 1933-1945)
Bottom line: What say you?
• Did the peace treaties
• Provide security?
• Make the world safe for
democracy?
Was it
• The best possible solution at
the time?
or
• A flawed peace?
- Give your reasoning