Transcript Prokaryotic/Eukaryotic Cells ppt. File

PROKARYOTIC
CELLS
AND
EUKARYOTIC
CELLS
WHAT IS A CELL?
It took a long time for people to discover cells
and figure out what they were all about. They
need sophisticated equipment (microscopes) to
be able to see cells. Robert Hooke discovered
the first cell, which was a cork cell.
Every thing we know about cells we call
“cell theory”.
CELL THEORY SAYS THAT….
1. Cells are the basic units of structure and
function in all living things. In other
words, cells are like the building blocks of
all living things.
2. New cells are only made from existing
cells.
3. Some organisms are Unicellular, meaning
they consist of only a single cell. Other
organisms are Multicellular, consisting of
many cells.
UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS
1. Organisms made of only one cell
are called unicellular organisms.
2. Bacteria are unicellular organisms.
3. Bacteria you are familiar with
include Salmonella, E. coli, and
Streptococcus (strep throat).
4. These are very small microorganisms
that can’t be seen with the naked eye.
Examples: Amoebas, Bacteria,
Paramecium
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS
1. Organisms made of many cells are called multicellular
organisms.
2. These organisms can be seen with the naked eye and
need all parts to survive.
Examples: Plants, Animals, Humans, Fungi
CELLS COME IN ALL SHAPES AND
SIZES!
THESE ARE TWO DISTINCT TYPES OF
CELLS WITH STRUCTURAL
DIFFERENCES.
Prokaryotes
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
Animal
Plant
PROKARYOTIC CELL
A single celled organism that does not
have a nucleus.
TRAITS OF PROKARYOTES:
(PRO-CARE-EE-OHTS)
1. They do not have a nucleus, and their genetic material is
scattered randomly throughout the cell.
2. They only type of organelle it contains are ribosomes.
Prokaryotes are contain cytoplasm, cell membranes (only
around the outside of the cell), and flagellum.
3. They are less complicated and smaller that eukaryotes.
4. All bacteria are prokaryotes.
5. Prokaryotic cells are either be rod, spherical, or spiral shaped.
Examples: Bacteria, Archaea
EUKARYOTIC CELL
A more
complex
cell that
has a
nucleus
and many
organelles.
TRAITS OF EUKARYOTES:
(YOU-CARE-EE-OTHTS)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
They all have a nucleus where the
genetic material of the cell is stored.
They have many organelles that work
together to help the cell function.
Eukaryotic cells are much more
complex then prokaryotic cells.
They can be just one cell or can make
up more complex multicellular
organisms.
All plants, animals, and humans are
eukaryotic cells.
HOW ARE PROKARYOTIC AND
EUKARYOTIC CELLS SIMILAR?
 Both have cell membranes. The cell membrane controls the flow
of materials in and out of the cell.
 Both have cytoplasm. Cytoplasm is the jellylike substance that
fills the cell.
 Both have DNA.
 Both need energy.
 Both include proteins that serve as the main structural material.
PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS
GUIDING QUESTIONS
*PLEASE RESPOND TO THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS IN YOUR
NOTEBOOK. YOU MUST WRITE THE QUESTION. *
1. What is a cell?
2. What is the difference between unicellular and multicellular
organisms?
3. List 3 multicellular organisms. List 3 unicellular organisms.
4. What is the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic
cells?
5. List 3 eukaryotic cells and 3 prokaryotic cells.
6. How is DNA stored within prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell?
7. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells using a
double bubble map.