Transcript cold war origins - Loyola Blakefield

COLD WAR ORIGINS
Chapter 25, Section 5
Chapter 26, Section 1
The Big Three at Tehran,1943
Stalin, FDR, Churchill
THE YALTA CONFERENCE

When?
• February, 1945

Who?
• FDR, Winston Churchill, Josef Stalin

Where?
• Yalta, Russia (USSR)

Agreements:
• 1. Stalin agrees to enter Pacific War against Japan if…

USSR is given Japanese Islands of KURIL and SAKHALIN
• 2. Stalin agrees to allowing free, post-war elections in
Poland and other Eastern European nations
• 3. All 3 agree to work towards creation of international
peace-keeping organization – The United Nations

SO WHAT?
The Big Three at Yalta
February,1945
OCCUPATION OF GERMANY




What are occupying nations?
•
•
•
•
United States
Soviet Union
Great Britain
France
•
•
•
•
U.S.: S. Germany, Berlin Sector
USSR: E. Germany, Berlin Sector
Brits: NW. Germany, Berlin Sector
France: W. Germany, Berlin Sector
Question: Why France?
Zones of Occupation (See p. 772)
So What?
• Germany is divided between Western & Eastern allies
• Effects?
Post-War Germany
Zones of Occupation
Occupied
Germany
1945
*Berlin Also

Green:UK
Blue: Fr.
Or.: USA
Red: USSR
THE NUREMBURG TRIALS



When?
•
1945 -1946
•
•
Nuremburg, Germany (US Zone)
***Soon to be West Germany
•
•
•
Prosecution: Allies
Defendants: Former Nazi leaders
Examples:
Where?
Who?



Charges?
•
A. Crimes Against the Peace

•
•
Planning and waging a war of aggression
B. War Crimes

Acts against the customs of warfare such as killing prisoners and hostages, plundering or
destruction of private property, cities, towns, etc.
C. Crimes Against Humanity


Hermann Goering
Joachim von Ribbentrop
Murder, extermination, deportation or enslavement of civilians
Can you give examples of each type of crime?
Nazi Defendants, Nuremberg
OCCUPATION OF JAPAN

What nation?
• U.S.A.
• Why only the U.S.?

U.S. Occupation:
• Run by Gen. Douglas MacArthur
• Why MacArthur?

Why? / Purpose of Occupation?
•
•
•
•
•
To reform Japanese government
Rebuild Japanese economy
Conduct War crimes investigations / trials
Create Asian ally (and other allies)
Prevent Russian expansion in Western Pacific
War Crimes Discussion

Question:
• Is it legitimate to hold people
accountable for crimes committed
during wartime?
• Why?
• Why Not?

Can you give examples of current
“war crimes”?