Transcript Foundations of Government

Daily Start 3
• Name 1 detail about the WWII service
of each of the following groups:
• Women
• African-Americans
• Japanese-Americans
• Mexican-Americans
Consider researching a bit of your family
history. Do you have any relatives who
served in one of these capacities?
Part Three
The War in Europe and North Africa
EQ 4: How did the Allies turn the tide against the Axis in
Europe?
Hitler first Strategy
• FDR agrees that
Germany is a larger
threat to the world
• Britain and the USSR
must not fall
• the US may need
more allies in the
Pacific
Alliance between Britain, U.S., and Soviet Union
• Germany invaded the USSR
in May, 1941
• Operation Barbarossa, 1941
• hopes to conquer Russia
before winter stalled in the
Balkans
• Stalingrad became the
linchpin
• 3 million Germans and
Russians killed
Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
• Operation Torch (North
Africa), 1942
• the USSR demanded a second
front
• under Patton, the US invaded
North Africa at Morocco
• 275,000 Germans
surrender
• the US used North Africa to
get to the island of Sicily and
then to Italy
• “soft underbelly of Europe”
• the USSR complained it was
taking too long
Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
• Strategic Bombing
• the allies bombed Italy and
Germany to destroy their industry
• British bombed at night despite higher
civilian casualties
• U.S. continued daytime raids from
England and Italy
• 1.5 million tons of bombs were dropped
on Germany
• it’s debatable how effective the
bombing was
• they were psychologically traumatic
Bombing of Dresden
Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
• Operation Overlord (DDay), June 6, 1944
• D-day was the largest
amphibious assault in history
• planned by Gen. Eisenhower
• Ike was the Allied commander
in Europe
• numerous fake plans were
leaked
• 150,000 troops landed on
five beaches
• just under 7000 ships were
involved
• France and Belgium were
liberated by September
D-Day, June 6, 1944
Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
• Germans try to push allies
back to the English Channel
• 250,000 German troops
were sent to take Antwerp
• this was after Operation
Market Garden
• it created a “bulge” in the
allied line
• the US held at Bastogne and
will push steadily to Berlin
Bulge
• Battle of the Bulge, 1944
Allied War Strategy in Europe and Africa
• V-E Day (May 8, 1945)
• the US and Britain
pushed into Germany
from the West while the
USSR came from the
East
• while Europeans
cheered, Americans
feared the war in Japan
Essential Question 4:
• How did the Allies turn the tide against
the Axis in Europe?
Part Three
The War in Europe and North Africa
EQ 5: How did the Holocaust develop and what were its
results? How did Americans react to the Holocaust?
The Holocaust
• Kristallnacht, 1938
• at first Jews were segregated
and forced to wear a Star of
David
• Hitler tried to get them to leave
Germany
• he watched the way the South
treated blacks in the US
• in one night, 7,500 Jewish shops
and 400 synagogues burned
• almost 100 Jews killed and 20,000
sent to concentration camps
• this is the beginning of the
holocaust
The Holocaust
• The Final Solution
• the Nazis imprisoned slavs, gypsies,
and other ethnic groups
• the elderly, the insane, homosexuals,
and the mentally retarded were
executed
• a combined program of eugenics and
euthanasia
• millions of Jews were segregated into
Ghettos before being taken to
concentration camps
• Aushwitz and Dachau
• 78% of Jews in Europe were killed
• They were killed in showers using a
pesticide called Zyklon-B and then
burnt in ovens to hide the evidence
• even when the war looked hopeless,
Hitler pushed for the work to continue
The Holocaust
• America’s Response to the
Holocaust
• the US held to its
immigration quotas
• the Holocaust got little
attention in the news
• military resources were not
used to destroy rail lines to
the camps
• after the war, we helped
create Israel
EQ 5:
• How did the Holocaust develop and
what were its results? How did
Americans react to the Holocaust?