Transcript The Rise of Dictators and WWII

The Rise of Dictators
and WWII
Chapter 24 Section 1
http://www.mowerhistory.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/Political-Cartoon-1.jpg
The Rise of Dictators




The treaty that ended World War I and
the economic depression that followed
contributed to the rise of dictatorships in
Europe and Asia.
Germany was treated severely after WWI
(stripped of territory, forced to disarm,
pay reparations)
Worldwide Depression also hit – many
people looked to new leaders to solve
problems
The MAJOR Dictators: Benito Mussolini in
Italy; Adolf Hitler in Germany; Joseph
Stalin in the Soviet Union
Axis Power
MUSSOLINI (Italy)
HITLER (Nazi Germany)
TOJO (Imperial Japan)
Allied Forces
NEVILLE CHAMBERLAIN
UK
WINSTON CHURCHILL FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
USA
UK
Benito Mussolini
Dictatorship in Italy






Fascism –intense patriotism &
nationalism
Anti-communist
Individualism creates a weak
country; nation is more
important than the individual
Strong government is necessary
to impose order in society
Expansion of country and strong
military
Blackshirts
Mussolini’s Speech
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tT
Xhez2mNmM
Joseph Stalin
Communism in USSR






1922: Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics
One-party rule
Individual liberties
taken away
Controlled every
aspect of people’s
lives
Did not tolerate
opposition
Killed 8 to 10 million
people peasants who
opposed his
communist policies
Adolf Hitler
Dictatorship in Germany





Anti-communist
Leader of National Socialist
German Worker’s Party (Nazi
Party): developed due to the
political and economic chaos after
WWI
Hitler wanted revenge for
Germany’s loss in World War I
Attempted to seize power by
marching on city Hall in Munich,
then march on Berlin.
Plan Failed: arrested!
Hitler’s Speech
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Q
-6H4xOUrs
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IW
h5k715s-E
Adolf Hitler
Beliefs





Prison: Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
Germans: blue-eyed and blonde hair
belonged to a master race (Ironic: how
does Hitler look?)
Germans needed more living space
(expansion of Germany into Poland and
Russia)
Slavic people of Eastern Europe: inferior
race
Jews: responsible for German’s defeat in
WWI
Slavic People of Eastern
Europe
Hitler’s Rise to Power






Violent strategies failed
Get Nazi elected to the Reichstag
(legislative assembly)
1932: Nazi: largest party in
Reichstag
1933: Hitler appointed as Chancellor
1934: Hitler became president
Gave himself title of “Fuhrer”
(leader)
Militarists Gain Control of Japan




Political system is blamed for
Japan’s economic problems
Military leaders and their
supporters argued that only way
for Japan to get needed
resources was to seize territory
1931 – Japan’s army attacks
Manchuria in northern China
without government's permission
Military controlled Japan and
supported a nationalist policy of
expanding the empire.
America supported Isolationism
and Neutrality



Rise of dictatorship and militarism after WWI discouraged
Americans
Isolationism: avoid international conflicts that might bring
US into another war
Neutrality:
• Congress passed the Neutrality Act of 1935 making it
illegal for Americans to sell arms to any country at war
• Congress passed the Neutrality Act
of 1937, which continued the ban of selling arms to
countries at war and required warring countries to buy
nonmilitary supplies from the United States on a “cash
and carry” basis
Roosevelt’s Inauguration

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
MX_v0zxM23Q
Group Activity






In groups, you will draw a
political cartoon that
expresses the ideologies of:
Benito Mussolini (Italy)
Adolf Hitler (Germany)
Joseph Stalin (USSR)
Roosevelt (USA)
Hideki Tojo (Japan)