Transcript American Revolution - Doral Academy Preparatory

World War II
1939-1945
People to Know
Alliances
Axis
• Germany
• Japan
• Italy
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Allied
Britain
France
USSR
U.S.A.
Signs of Foreign Danger
• Rise of dictators
• Joseph Stalin, Adolf Hitler, Benito
Mussolini
• Germany rearms 1935-1936
• Ideology of expansionism
Causes of WWII
• Failure of the League of
Nations
• U.S. and Germany not apart
• Militarism
• Invasion of Rhineland
• Feelings of nationalism
• Failure of appeasement
• Invasion of Poland
• Alliances
Failure of the League/Treaty
• War Guilt Clause
• Disarmament
• No bases in Rhineland
• Not apart of the League of Nations
Hitler’s Rise to Power=Problem
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1919: Nazi Party
1933: Chancellor
1934-1936: rearms
March 7, 1936: enters Rhineland
1938: Annexed Austria
1939: Takes control of Czech
1939: Invasion of Poland
1939-1941: the take over of France &
Britain
Major Events
• Take over of France
• Battle of Britain
• Pearl Harbor- Dec 7, 1941
Japanese Empire
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Expanded spheres of influence in E. Asia
WWI: apart of the Allies
1920’s-1930’s Economic Depression
1930: 65 mil ppl (needed resources)
• Expansion, Manchuria (Military)
• Kellogg-Briand Pact failed
• 1937: Chinese Invasion
• “Epidemic of world lawlessness is
spreading”- FDR
U.S.A
• Isolationism
• So while hundreds are being killed…the
US is…. “neutral” 1935-1937
• No loans
• No weapons
• Cash & Carry goods
• Did we learn from our WWII mistakes?
U.S.
• Invasion of Poland
• Wanted to send aid (FDR)
• Revision of Neutrality Acts (dead)
• 1940 (France conquered, Britain NEXT)
• 1940 Presidential Election
• Lend Lease Act 1941: $49 Billion Worth
• 1940: Japanese trade restrictions on US
products (embargo, oil)
“ a day that will live in INFAMY”
U.S. Fights Back
• Selective Service Act: 21-36
• Boosted defense spending
• GI:16 Million
• Minorities fighting
• Tuskegee Airmen
• Navajo “code talker”
• 350K Women
• 300K Mexican Americans
• 25K Native Americans
U.S. Economy for War
• Heavy gov’t intervention in economy
• War Production Board: agency
• 300,000 Airplanes
• 80,000 landing crafts
• 100,000 tanks
• 5.600 merchant ships
• 6 million rifles, machine guns
• 41 billion rounds of ammunition
U.S. Economy for War
• Increase need of employment
• Union membership rose
• Taxes paid for 41% of war cost
• $8.9Bil a year to $95.2 Bill a year
• $321 Billion
• $186 Bond sales
• Increased debt about 5X’s
Home Front
• Black Markets (higher priced goods)
• shortages led to rationing
• Movies and entertainment
• Read books and magazines
• Victory gardens
• Recycling
• Rosies
Atlantic Charter
• FDR & Churchill meet
• March 1941
• Discuss war aim’s and guiding
principles
• No territorial gains
• No territorial changes
• Respect’s ppl/countries form of political
system
• Peace and safety within ppl’s boundaries
• Abandon the “use of force”
Americans Join the Struggle
• Battle in the Atlantic
• “the wolf pack”
• North Africa Campaign
• Allied & Axis sent
reinforcements
• May 1943 Axis troops
surrendered
• Invasion of Italy 19431945
• Heavy fighting before/after
War in the Soviet Union
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Broke pact with Stalin
Invaded U.S.S.R.
E. Europe gladly welcomed Hitler
10 days Soviets retreat?!?
Lend-Lease helps
Battle of Stalingrad 1942-1943
• 1 Mil Soviets
• 330K Germans
Operation Overload
• Invasion of Normandy….from Britain
• June 6, 1944
• 4,600 invasion warcrafts and ships
• 25,000 airborne men
• Liberation of France
• Battle of the Bulge
• Largest battle of WWII
• Nazi’s saw the war was lost
War Ends in Europe
• Drive towards Germany from E & W
• April 1945: conquered Berlin
Holocaust
• Persecution of Jews
• Anti-Semitism
• Restrictions, murder,
genocide
• Nazi Policies
• Nazi Police (SS)
• Kristallnacht (1938)
• Concentration and death
camps
• Nuremberg Trials Nov 1945
War in the Pacific
• Japan
attacks
1941-1942
• Island
hopping
Manhattan Project
• Invasion or not
• Creation of a bomb
• Albert Einstein
• Field test July 1945
Decision to drop the Atomic Bomb?
• Invasion=millions of Americans would
die
• Naval blockade
• Field Test
• Harry S. Truman
• FDR