Transcript The Fall of France

24.2: War in Europe
OBJECTIVE:
Learn about the causes of WWII.
Identify the reasons for
appeasement and its failure.
British Prime Ministers
Neville Chamberlain & Winston Churchill
COMPARE AND CONTRAST THEIR
RESPONSES TO HITLER
http://www.24hourmuseum.org.uk/content/images/2005_1053.JPG
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/images/churchill_neville_chamberlain.jpg
Timeline of Appeasement
Hitler declares need for “lebensraum”
Hitler orders invasion of Austria #1
Hitler menaces Sudetenland #2,
Czechoslovakia
9/30/1938 Munich Pact
Neville Chamberlin of UK and Daladier of France try
appeasement and “give” Sudetenland to Germany.
Winston Churchill makes unheeded protest.
3/15/1939 Germany invades Czechoslovakia
Spr. 1939 Hitler menaces Poland
8/23/1939 Hitler and Stalin sign nonaggression pact #3
9/1/1939
Hitler invades Poland with blitzkrieg #4
11/1937
3/1938
Spr. 1938
IDENTIFY THE MAJOR EVENTS LEADING TO WORLD WAR II IN
EUROPE IN SECTION 24.2
EVENT
Union w/ Austria
DATE
DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE
Map: German and Italian Expansion, 1933-1942
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Blitzkrieg =“lightning war”
STRATEGY: to shock enemy troops with force and speed
of your forces
TACTICS:
1. Dive-bombers and long-range artillery hit key
targets: bridges, bases, airfields, roads and railroads
2. Paratroopers drop behind enemy lines to cause
confusion and disrupt communications
3. Tanks and motorized infantry make strong thrust
along central axis of attack.
4. Regular infantry fans out from main axis to
consolidate and secure gains
OUTCOME:
Fixed defensive positions become a liability, rather
than an advantage  NO MORE TRENCHES!!!
Map: The German Advance, 1939-1942
Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
•
•
•
•
•
Poland falls in 3 weeks.
PHONY WAR begins #5
Netherlands, Belgium, & Luxembourg by May 1940.
Germans by-pass Maginot Line. Allied forces are cut-off.
Mrashall Petain makes separate peace with Hitler, “Vichy”
regime in Southern France.
• France falls June 1940. #6
• Remnants of French and UK forces, approx. 340,000, escape
at Dunkirk.
• Gen. Charles de Gaulle leads French troops/govt. in exile.
http://www.sitemaps.com/Custom_Map_Design/Historical/Maginot_Line.jpg
http://www.damninteresting.com/wp-content/maginot.JPG
The Fall
of
France
Evacuation at Dunkirk, France
June 1940
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/66/Evacuation_@_dunkirk_chaos.jpg
The Blitz
RESULT:
China falls to Japan.
Finland Falls to Russia.
Spain falls to Franco.
Czechoslovakia, Austria, Poland, Denmark, Norway,
& France fall to Germany.
After the disaster at Dunkirk, only Britain remains to
resist totalitarianism in Europe.
http://www.historychannel.com/broadband/clipview/inde
x.jsp?id=tdih_0311
Battle of
Britain #7
• Summer 1940,
Germany prepares to
invade UK
• British navy blocks sea,
therefore Germany
attacks by air with
Luftwaffe
• Bombed London
constantly for 2 months
• UK has radar, able to
use its Royal Air Force
to repel invasion
http://www.raf.mod.uk/bob1940/images/spit_3vw.gif
http://news.bbc.co.uk/furniture/in_depth/uk/2000/battle_of_britain/battle_intro_map.gif
We Shall Fight on the Beaches
June 4, 1940
-Winston Churchill
House of Commons
Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have
fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious
apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the
end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we
shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we
shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the
beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the
fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never
surrender, and even if, which I do not for a moment believe, this Island
or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire
beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on
the struggle, until, in God's good time, the New World, with all its power
and might, steps forth to the rescue and the liberation of the old.
http://www.historychannel.com/broadband/clipview/index.jsp?id=v3t4
IDENTIFY THE MAJOR EVENTS LEADING TO WORLD WAR II IN
EUROPE IN SECTION 24.2
EVENT
Union w/ Austria
Bargaining for the
Sudetenland
USSR declares
neutrality
Blitzkrieg in Poland
The Phony War
Fall of France
Battle of Britain
DATE
DESCRIPTION/SIGNIFICANCE