Transcript The war in the Pacific Ends

WWII:
The War in the Pacific Ends
Admiral Yamamoto
Pearl Harbor from Cockpit of
Japanese Pilot
Pearl Harbor: Dec 7th 1941
The Battle of Midway
• The Battle of Midway
turned the tide of WWII
in the Pacific.
• The Japanese were
forced to be on the
defensive.
• General MacArthur:
“Hit ‘em where they
ain’t, let ‘em die on the
vine.” He began his
island hopping strategy.
General MacArthur
Iwo Jima
Iwo Jima and other Pacific
Battles
• Guadalcanal (1943)
• Leyte Gulf (1944)
• Iwo Jima (1945)
– All battles were bloody on both sides.
Although the Japanese lost more men, they
refused to surrender. The U.S. continued to
make their way towards Japan.
American View of Japanese
American View of Japanese
• After Pearl Harbor, the
Japanese were seen as the
enemy.
• Encouraged by
government propaganda,
even Japanese Americans
(that were U.S. citizens
and were American born)
were viewed as enemies.
Japanese American Internment
• Roosevelt issues the
Executive Order 9066:
Internment of Japanese and
property loss of Japanese.
• From 1941-1946, over 31,000
Japanese/Japanese Americans
were interned in 16 locations.
Most of them lost their
property as well.
• 2/3 of those interned were
American citizens.
Japanese Internment
Potsdam Conference
• The Potsdam Declaration
was created by Truman,
Stalin, and Churchill and
called for the surrender of
Japan.
• It outlined the terms of
surrender for Japan. The
agreement stated that if
Japan did not surrender,
it would face "prompt and
utter destruction".
• Japan ignored the
ultimatum.
The U.S. Drops the Atomic Bomb
• On August 6, 1945 the U.S. dropped an atomic
bomb on Hiroshima, a Japanese city of over
350,000 people. 73,000 people were killed.
• On August 9, 1945 a second bomb was dropped
on Nagasaki. 37,500 people were killed.
• 100,000’s died of radiation poisoning and cancer
• Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945.
The Manhattan Project
• Dr. Robert Oppenheimer
•
“I have become death
•
the shatters of worlds”
death,
the shatterer
of worlds!
Little Boy and Fat Man
Atomic Bomb
Hiroshima
Ground temperature
7000 degrees
Hurricane force winds
980 miles per hour
Energy released
20,000 tons of TNT
Building destroyed
62,000 buildings
Killed immediately
70,000 people
Dead by the end of 1945
140,000 people
Total deaths related to the A-bomb
210,000 people
How should the atomic bombs have been used to
end the war against Japan? (Fortune Magazine, 1945)
Statement:
Percent in Agreement:
We should not have used any atomic bombs at all.
4.5 %
We should have dropped one in an unpopulated region. If
they didn’t surrender, we could have dropped the second
on a city.
13.8 %
We should have used the two bombs on cities just as we did.
53.5 %
We should have quickly used many more bombs on Japan
before they had a chance to surrender.
22.7 %
Don’t know
5.5 %
The Effects of the Defeat on Japan
• MacArthur takes charge of the
U.S. occupation of Japan.
• Japan must demilitarize.
• Many leaders were charged as
war criminals.
• The U.S. sets up Japan’s
democracy.
• Hirohito had to declare that he
was not a god—he became a
figurehead.
WWII Casualties: Europe
WWII Casualties in Asia