Transcript A Separate Peace Electronic Time Capsule

A Separate Peace Electronic
Time Capsule
James Kemp
Attack on Pearl
Harbor
The attack on the American Naval base at Pearl Harbor HI was the
attack that threw the United States into World War II. The attack came in two
waves by Japanese bombers. The pilots attacked the ships and military
command bases that were vital to the US. The aftermath included over 2,335
killed men, 1,178 wounded, 640 missing, 48 killed civilians, 188 planes
destroyed, 18 ships of different sizes sunk or damaged. Through the attack, on
29 Japanese planes were shot down by American return fire, mostly during the
second wave.
The Battle of Midway was fought near the Central Pacific island of
Midway, and is considered the decisive battle of WWII in the Pacific. Before
Midway, the Japanese fleet had been capturing territory throughout Asia and
the Pacific. At Midway, the Japanese planned on trapping and destroying the
US Pacific Fleet. Due to US Intelligence, the US forces anticipated the attack
and sank four Japanese carriers that attacked Pearl Harbor six months earlier,
while only losing one themselves. After the battle, Allied forces were able to
take the offensive in the Pacific.
The Battle of
Midway
General Patton was legendary for being one of
the most successful American field commanders of all
time, from any war.
General George S.
Patton led the only all-American force landing Patton
for Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of North Africa.
After succeeding in that, he commanded the Seventh
Army during the invasion of Sicily in July 1943 with the
British Eighth Army and restored Sicily to its people. He
stayed with the Seventh until 1944 when he was given
command of the Third Army in France. After the Battle of
Normandy, Patton and his troops fought across Europe
and attacked German weak points successfully, cover 600
miles across France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany,
Austria and Czechoslovakia. After liberating the
Buckenwald concentration camp, Patton slowed down
enforcing a new policy of ensuring that German civilians
had control of the camps.
By the end of the war, Patton and his Third
Army had liberated or conquered 81,522 square miles of
territory.
In October 1945, Patton took command of the
Fifteenth Army in American occupied Germany, and on
December 9th was injured in an automobile accident. He
died 12 days later and is buried among soldiers whom he
served with in the Battle of the Bulge in Hamm,
Luxembourg.
The Battle of Normandy
“D-Day”
On June 6, 1944, 9 battleships, 23 cruisers, 104 destroyers, and
71 landing craft of various descriptions as well as troop transports, mine
sweepers, and nearly 5000 ships of every type formed the largest armada ever
assembled to attack Normandy, France on D-Day. Normandy gave the Allies a
foot-hold in Europe to begin their campaigns across Europe. Even though losing
9,000 Allied Soldiers being killed or wounded, 100,000 Soldiers survived to fight
across Europe. The battle officially ended
Nagasaki
Hiroshima & Nagasaki 1945
The Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was the code name of
the project to create the world’s first Atomic Bomb.
The Creation was a race between Allies and Germany
to create a weapon of mass destruction. Raids on
German uranium and heavy water production facilities
showed that Germany was far behind the Americans in
developing their weapon. By 1944, the scientist
thought they were creating a weapon that would
deliver a knockout blow to Nazi Germany.
By the spring of 1945, the scientists
questioned if it was really necessary to drop any bomb
at all, but a decision was made to drop the bombs on
Japan.
Hiroshima
Testing of the bombs revealed that the bombs
were as powerful as 20,000 tons of TNT, and the blast
was so bright it was claimed to have been seen by a
blind woman from miles away.
The Manhattan Project Cont…
The pilots who were to drop the bombs were sworn to secrecy
without ever knowing what the secret they were guarding was, and the
crew of the U.S.S. Indianapolis were completely unaware of the magnitude
of their cargo, but their operation was so secret, they could not call for
help when they where torpedoed by Japanese U-boats on the way home.
At approximately 8:15 am on August 6, 1945, the first bomb
nicknamed “Little Boy” was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan, and completely
obliterated the city. It is estimated that up to 180,000 were killed initially
by the bomb, and people would continued to be killed by the radiation for
decades to come.
There was controversy over the first drop, , but it was decided
that a full invasion would have killed millions. Before, Japan had been
preparing the bloodiest reception ever for Allies if they had invaded Japan.
Harry Truman never would have been able to stay in office if it was
revealed that he had a weapon and didn’t use it.
On August 6 and 7, Allies ordered an unconditional surrender,
but due to damage to transportation and communication networks, the
Japanese government never really understood what happened in
Hiroshima. After receiving no surrender from the Japanese, on August 9,
the “Fat Man” was dropped on Nagasaki. This time, the bomb was dropped
slightly off target, minimizing the effects of the bomb. Even though the
effects were minimized, 70,000 people were killed, and the same
aftereffects from the first bomb continued to kill for decades.
The End of World War II
After the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
Japan quickly accepts unconditional surrender to Allied forces, but with one
reservation: The Emperor was to remain in power of Japan. The Allies accept,
and World War II was over. The estimated death toll for the war was 50-60
million, making it by far the bloodiest war in the history of the world.
Standard World War II Equipment
The M1 Carbine was a .30 Caliber semiautomatic rifle that was a standard issue weapon
during WWII and the Korean War.
M1 Carbine
M1 Garand
The M1 Garand was the first semi-automatic rifle
to be generally used by infantry. General George S. Patton
called it the “Greatest Battle Implement Ever Devised.” It
was much like the Carbine and Springfield, but had the
action of the Carbine and Cartridge of the Springfield.
The Springfield was a clip-fed, 5-shot, bolt
action service rifle that was replaced by the semiautomatic Garand.
M1903 Springfield
M1918 Browning Automatic Rifle
aka BAR
The BAR was the lightest machine gun to fire
the .30 caliber bullet, and the only one used as standard
issue in the US Army during WWII. The BAR was
designed during WWI, but was perfected for WWII.
Standard World War II Equipment Cont…
Colt M1911 Pistol
The Colt M1911 Pistol
was the standard issue sidearm
for American soldiers in both
World Wars, Korea, and
Vietnam. The weapon was very
reliable, and even so it is still
used today by some military and
law enforcement agencies in the
US.
The Presidents of World War II
Franklin Roosevelt was the president at the time
of the beginning of World War II. He declared war on the
Japanese Empire, entering the United States into World
War II after the vicious attack by the Japanese on Pearl
Harbor.
On December 8, 1941 he made his famous
“Infamy” speech asking Congress to declare war on
Japan. By going to war with Japan, they had also gone to
war with Germany, Italy, and others.
Here is a video of the speech.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CrVI6ENDL8Y
The Presidents of World War II
After taking office in 1945, Harry
Truman received no briefing on the development
of the atomic bomb, or growing difficulties
between the United States and Soviet Russia.
Truman had a number of wartime problems like
these pop up for him to solve.
Truman ordered the dropping of the Abombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
In June 1945, Truman witnessed the
signing of the charter of the United Nations,
established to preserve peace after World War II.
The Draft
During WWII, and other major wars that the US has participated in,
they have instituted a draft to involuntarily get soldiers into the military. Local
draft boards would have a lottery style drawing to pick someone to go into the
army.
1. White Christmas - Bing Crosby
2. Moonlight Cocktail - Glenn Miller
3. Chattanooga Choo Choo - Glenn Miller
4. Jingle Jangle Jingle - Kay Kyser
5. I've Got a Gal in Kalamazoo - Glenn Miller
6. Tangerine - Jimmy Dorsey
7. Sleepy Lagoon - Harry James
8. String of Pearls - Glenn Miller
9. Blues in the Night - Woody Herman
10. Deep In the Heart of Texas - Alveno Rey
11. The White Cliffs of Dover - Kay Kyser
12. Don't Sit Under The Apple Tree - Glenn Miller
13. The Pennsylvania Polka - The Andrews Sisters
Jazz and swing were big 14. Jersey Bounce - Benny Goodman
during the 1940’s, and Glenn Miller 15. American Patrol - Glenn Miller
16. Strip Polka - Kay Kyser
was the biggest name in swing at
17. There Are Such Things - Tommy Dorsey w/Frank
the time. Miller’s music consisted
Sinatra
of simple melodies with comples
18. Don't Sit Under The Apple Tree - The Andrews Sisters
free-flowing riffs, and usually had
19. Night and Day - Frank Sinatra
saxaphone solos by Tex Beneke.
20. Somebody Else is Taking My Place - Benny Goodman
Top Movies of 1942
1. Casablanca
2. Cat People
3. Yankee Doodle Dandy
4. Bambi
5. Road to Morocco
6. To Be of Not to Be
7. Holiday Inn
8. The Talk of the Town
9. The Black Swan
10. This Gun for Hire
Work Cited
“The Attack on Pearl Harbor.” Remembering Pearl Harbor. 2001: 1.
Google. Online.14 Sept. 2010.
“Battle of Midway.” Naval History & Heritage Command. 7 May 2009: 1.
Google Online. 14 Sept. 2010.
“General George S. Patton WW2.” Time Line Index.com. 2009: 1. Google.
Online. 14 Sept. 2010.
“D-Day.” U.S. Army. 2010: 1. Google. Online. 14. Sept. 2010.
“The Atomic Bomb 1945.” World War II Multimedia Database. 2007: 1.
Google. Online. 14 Sept. 2010.
Work Cited
“List of World War II Weapons of the United States” Wikipedia. 17 Aug. 2010. Online.
14 Sept. 2010.
“Franklin Roosevelt For a Declaration of War.” The History Place. 2009. Online.
14 Sept. 2010.
“Harry S. Truman.” The White House. 2010. Google. Online. 14. Sept. 2010.
“Popular Songs 1942.” Popular Songs.org. 2007. Google. Online. 14 Sept. 2010.
“All Time Top Movies By Year 1942.” Top Ten Reviews. 2010. Google. Online.
14 Sept. 2010.