Transcript daughter cells

By: Maryn S.
Introduction

Cell division and reproduction
 Mitosis
 when

the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides.
Replacing worn out cells and producing offspring identical to parent
 Meiosis
 The
division of a cell and its nucleus that produces haploid
daughter cells

Ensures fertilization with proper chromosome numbers
Interphase
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G1
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S
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cell carries out normal functions
does not reproduce
chromosomes inside the cell replicate (sister chormatids)
 Sister chormatids are held together near the middle of the centromere
ensures replication of cells by cell division are identical
G2
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
cell continues to grow
organelles replicate
Mitosis (start of the Mitotic stage)

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when the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides.
Importance of Mitosis


replacing old, wore out, or dead cells
reproducing offspring identical to the parent (asexual
reproduction)
Phases of Mitosis
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Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Prophase
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The first step in Mitosis
Major events
the replicated chromosomes of DNA coil tightly together
 the membrane around the nucleus breaks apart allowing
the chromosomes to move to freely around the cell

Metaphase
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The second phase of Mitosis
Major events
Hair-like fibers move replicated chromosomes to the
middle of the cell
 replicated sister chromatids align at the middle of the cell

Anaphase
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The Third phase of Mitosis
Major events
Hairlike fibers attach to the sister chromatids of every
replicated chromosomes
 Fibers pull and separate replicated chromatids to opposite
ends of the cell
 chromatids begin being called chromosomes

Telophase
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The fourth phase of Mitosis
Major events
A new membrane forms around each set of chromosomes
 Coiled chromosomes begin to unwind
 There are two new chromosomes that are identical to the
original one
 The cell has not yet divided

Cytokinesis
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The final phase of cell division
Major events
 The
cytoplasm and its components divide into two
identical daughter cells
(jello) Cell Pictures of Mitosis
Meiosis


The division of a cell and its nucleus that produces
haploid daughter cells
Importances
 It
ensures the common chromosme inheritance numbers
 Ensures fertilization with proper number of
chromosomes
Sexual Reproduction (Meiosis)
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The production of an offspring that results when the
genetic materials from two different cells combine.
Advantages
Genetic variation
 Selective breeding
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Disadvantages
Difficulties of sperm and egg fertilization
 Time spent to grow and develop to be able to reproduce

Asexual Reproduction(Mitosis)
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The production of offspring by one parent without a
sperm and an egg joining
Advantages

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Does not require a mate
Less time input for more reproduction
Identical offspring is well developed for the same environment
(cloning)
Disadvantages


Lack of genetic variation
Genetic mutations that pass through generations
Conclusion

Cell division and reproduction
 Mitosis
 when

the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides.
Replacing worn out cells and producing offspring identical to parent
 Meiosis
 The
division of a cell and its nucleus that produces haploid
daughter cells


Ensures fertilization with proper chromosome numbers
In both ways of reproduction there is still the
foundation of the process cell division.
Thank You!!!
Bibliography
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http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Meiosis/Lilium_microsp
orogenesis/Meiosis_1.low.jpg
http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/1436/PreviewCom
p/SuperStock_1436R-196024.jpg
http://dogtime.com/system/gallery_pictures/26/large/GoldenRetriever-puppy-3-picture.jpg
http://research.nmsu.edu/molbio/bioinfo/tutorials/clip_art/imag
es/mitosis.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/MajorE
ventsInMeiosis.jpg
National Geographic, Focus on Life Science; McGraw Hill, 2007