Transcript To make sure that crimes would never happen

The
Devastation
of Europe
and Japan
World War II left Europe and Japan in
ruins. Took millions of lives and billions of
dollars in damages. Many people starved
and had to live in their damaged homes.
Others fled to try to create a new life.
By: Dani Lombardi, Jordan Lievois, Lanse Macke, and Jennifer Lally
Europe in Ruins
-About 40 million Europeans died during
World War II
-It also destroyed a lot of the
countryside. Only Paris, Rome and
Brussels did not get damaged.
-After the war some tried to stay where
they were, but there was little food and
water.
-Many people left the cities with the little
belongings they had.
-Depression in Europe continued even
though the war was over.
-Since the men fought in the war and the
women worked in war production, there
were no people to work in the fields.
-Many died of starvation and diseases in
the cities.
-The winter following the war was very
deadly because many people did not
have clothes and they were freezing.
Postwar Governments and Politics
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Despairing Europeans blamed their leaders for the war and its aftermath.
Belgium, Holland, Denmark, and Norway-returned quickly
However, in countries like Germany, Italy, and France a return to the old leadership was
not so simple
Much of the old leadership was in disgrace, in Italy and France many resistance fighters
were Communist
After the war, the Communist Party promised change. The Communist made huge gains in
the first postwar elections.
Alarmed French and Italians reacted by voting for anti-Communist parties. Communist
membership and influence then began to decline.
They declined even more so as the economies of France and Italy began to recover
An Attempt at Justice: The Nuremburg Trials
•To make sure that crimes would never happen again, The Allies put
Nazis on trial.
• Nuremberg Trials: a series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg,
Germany, after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for
aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against
humanity.
• Marshall Hermann Göring, Deputy Führer Rudolf Hess,
and other high ranking Nazi leaders had to face the charges.
The Effects of Defeat in Japan
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WWII left Japan in ruins
2 million were killed
Many major cities were destroyed
Japan list large amounts of land, some that they had had for
centuries
August 1945, General Douglas McArthur accepts Japanese
surrender and takes charge of the U.S. occupation in Japan
He started demilitarization - the process of disbanding the Japanese
armed forces
He wanted to create a democracy in Japan, and in 1946, a new
constitution was drawn up
This new constitution went into effect on May 3, 1947
He also revised the economy and spread out the wealth and land
ownership
US Occupation Brings Deep Changes
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The new constitution was the most important
achievement of the occupation
It brought deep changes to Japanese society
In 1945, the Japanese had agreed to surrender
The new constitution guaranteed that real political power
in Japan rested with the people
The people elected a two-house parliament, called the
diet
One more key provision-article 9-stated that the
Japanese could no longer make war. They could only
fight if attacked
In September 1951, the united states and 48 other
nations signed a formal peace treaty with Japan
The treaty officially ended the war
With the official end of the war, the united states and
Japan became allies
It weakened some nations and strengthened others. The
soviet union and the united states had come out of the
war as allies.
Questions
1.
Able bodied men worked ______ and women worked _______ after the war.
A)in the fields…..at home
B) in stores…….. In the fields
C) in the military….. In war production
D) None of the Above
2. In what year did the Japanese agree to surrender?
A) 1951
B) 1945
C) 1955
D) 1946
3. When did the new Japanese constitution go into effect?
A) 1946
B) 1947
C) 1948
D)1949
4. To make sure that such crimes would never happen again the Allies put who on trial?
A) Communist
B) Nazis
C) Nationalist
D) All of the Above
5. Which countries had a harder time returning to their old leadership?
A)Belgium, Holland, Denmark, and Norway
B) Germany, Norway, and Denmark
C) Germany, Italy, and France
D) None of the Above
Questions Answers
1.
Able bodied men worked ______ and women worked _______ after the war.
A)in the fields…..at home
B) in stores…….. In the fields
C) in the military….. In war production
D) None of the Above
2. In what year did the Japanese agree to surrender?
A) 1951
B) 1945
C) 1955
D) 1946
3. When did the new Japanese constitution go into effect?
A) 1946
B) 1947
C) 1948
D)1949
4. To make sure that such crimes would never happen again the Allies put who on trial?
A) Communist
B) Nazis
C) Nationalist
D) All of the Above
5. Which countries had a harder time returning to their old leadership?
A)Belgium, Holland, Denmark, and Norway
B) Germany, Norway, and Denmark
C) Germany, Italy, and France
D) None of the Above