Transcript Chapter 2: Cell Theory

Chapter 2: Cell Theory
The Animal and Plant Cell
Cell Membrane

cell (like a jail cell) is a thin layer
around the outside that controls
what comes in or goes out of the
cell (just like the prison guard does
in the jail). It separates and
protects the inside of the cell from
things around it (like a jail cell
keeps other inmates from coming
inside the cell to attack that
inmate)
Cell Wall

: the extra barrier around the cell
membrane is the cell wall to
protect the plant cell. (think of a
plant cell as being more vulnerable
than an animal so it needs more
protection). This wall helps give
the cell structure (gives it a firm
shape) and protects the inside
from damage.
Chloroplast
organelle
that
captures light
energy in a
plant cell
Cytoplasm
a
jellylike
substance that
fills up the
inside of a cell
Vacuole

an organelle that
stores food, water,
and wastes (think it’s
like a vacuum that
sucks up the food,
water, and waste to
store it in the vacuum)
ER – Endoplasmic Reticulum

(ER) an organelle that has a
network of tubes that processes
and transports proteins from
place to place inside the cell
(think of how the ER in a
hospital takes in patients and
then decides where they need
to go/sends them to different
places in the hospital)
Golgi Body

organelle that processes,
packs, and transports
proteins to be sent
outside of a cell (think of
the Golgi telling the
proteins to “GO” out of
the cell)
Lysosome

organelle that breaks
down waste material in an
animal cell (think about
an animal that uses the
restroom is sending waste
out of its body; once the
waste is out, you might
need Lysol to make it
smell better)
Mitochondria

organelles that
convert food into
energy that a cell can
use (that is a mighty
big chore to make
food from energy!)
Nucleolus
 round
structure
inside the nucleus
of a cell, makes
ribosomes ( looks
like a solid O)
Protein

a large molecule in a
cell that carries out
the function of life
(think Pro-Life – acts
to make sure the cell
has life)
Ribosome
 an
organelle that
makes proteins for a
cell (looks like ribs,
ribs are protein!)
The words looks like
“ribs” notice that
the ribsosomes
themselves are tiny
little parts given off
from the ER.
Organelle
a
small unit inside
a cell with a
specific purpose
Tissue

a group of similar cells
that work together
(think about two
pieces of tissue
together are needed
to work to help with a
sneeze, just one tissue
layer can’t do the
trick)
Organ
group
of tissues
that work
together (think
tissues organize
to work
together)