Transcript 8 Steps to War

The Path to War
Kellogg Briand Pact
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1928 – “General Treaty for the Renunciation
of War”
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International
Repudiates War
Remains a binding treaty
What does this treaty reflect?
8 Steps to War: SCRAMCUP
Saar Valley
Conscription & Rearmament
Rhineland
Anchluss
Munich
Czechoslovakia
USSR/Nazi Pact (Non-Agression Pact)
Poland
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
S
Saar
Plebiscite
SAAR PLEBISCITE
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Saar Valley controlled by
League of Nations
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1935 – Plebiscite
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Propaganda opportunity for
Hitler
Results?
After plebiscite: Hitler said no
more demands (from France)
First step to war.
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
C
CONSCRIPTION & REARMAMENT
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Conscription
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1935 – Hitler reintroduced
conscription
Violation of Treaty
Britain & France react by…
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
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Rhineland
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RHINELAND
Treaty banned…
1936 - Germany
remilitarizes Rhineland
France & Britain’s
reaction…
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
A
Anschluss
ANSCHLUSS (AUSTRIA)
 Anschluss = ‘Link Up’
 Initially Hitler wants union
 Then… Invasion March 1938
 Violates treaty
 France & Britain…
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
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MUNICH CONFERENCE
Hitler demanded Sudetenland
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Sudetenland = borders of
Czechoslovakia, mainly inhabited by
ethnic Germans
Munich Conference
 1938
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First: Hitler demands union w/
Germany
Second: Hitler plans invasion.
MUNICH CONFERENCE
WHO?
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Adolf Hitler
Benito Mussolini
Neville Chamberlin (PM of Great Britain)
Eduoard Daladier (PM of France
At Munich Conference
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Lebensraum (‘living space’) – Hitler demands Sudetenland
Munich Pact
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Permits Nazi German annexation of Czechoslovakia's
Sudetenland.
Hitler promised to go no further – no further territorial
expansion.
Legacy
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Appeasement!!!!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YK0d8ENS__c
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
C
Czechoslovakia
1939 – Germany
invaded the rest of
Czechoslovakia.
 Britain outraged
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Begin to realize that war was
only method to stop Hitler.
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
U
USSR/NAZI PACT
(Nazi Soviet Non-Aggression Pact)
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USSR/Nazi
Pact
By ’39 Hitler wants to invade
Poland
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Fears repercussions
August 1939 –
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Germans & Russia agree not to
fight.
Hitler wanted to prevent war with
Russia, Great Britain & France
8 Steps to War (SCRAMCUP)
P
POLAND
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Polish Corridor & Danzig
1939 –
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Poland
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First –Demanded union with Danzig
Second - Hitler threatened war.
Chamberlain promised to protect Poles
from German invasion
September 1, 1939 :: Hitler invaded
Poland.
Great Britain & France declare war on
Germany.
Phony War
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After the invasion of Poland until the Battle of
France in May 1940
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Lack of major military operations
Declarations of war but no major attacks
US Responds to Hitler
Neutrality Acts
1935
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embargo on arms trade
1937
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Cash & Carry:
Quarantine Speech: "quarantining" all aggressors.
“Moral embargo" on exports of aircraft to Japan.
1939 = Roosevelt  Neutrality was ‘passive
aid’ …but US remains neutral
End of U.S. Neutrality: Europe
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Lend-Lease Act – March 1941- US neutrality ends
 U.S. to lend or give war materials to allied nations.
German Submarine attacks = Shoot on Sight policy
End of U.S. Neutrality: Europe
The Atlantic Conference (August
’41)
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Meeting: US (Roosevelt) & Great
Britain (Winston Churchill)
Atlantic Charter:
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Blueprint for post-war world.
Outlines the goal for the Allies
Goals/Desires for Allied Powers
1. No territorial gain from war
2. Self-determination of peoples
3. Live without want
4. General world security
End of U.S. Neutrality: Asia
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Japan lacked natural resources
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To get resources = challenge European colonies
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Eyed Dutch East Indies
August 1941: US oil embargo
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US had supplied 80% of Japanese oil imports
Leads to Pearl Harbor attack
End of U.S. Neutrality: Asia
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December 7th, 1941 - Empire of Japan
attacked the US
Admiral Yamamoto: Planned attack
Americans had 96 vessels at P.H.
The attack took place in two waves
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Began at 7:53, concluded by 9:55
Attack successful – Cripples US fleet
War!
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December 8th, 1941 - US declares war on
Japan
December 11th, 1941 – Germany & Italy
declare war on US
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U.S. responded with a declaration of war