Transcript Unit 13: World War 2 - Taylor County Schools

UNIT 13: WORLD WAR 2
Chapter 19 and 20
CHAPTER 19, SECTION 1
• Benito Mussolini- prime minister of Italy (1922-1943); helped create idea of
Fascism
• Joseph Stalin-Soviet dictator during World War 2; Stalin means “man of steel”
• Adolph Hitler- Leader of Nazi Party; becomes prime minister in 1933; takes title
known as fuhrer, “leader”; take dictator role in 1934
• Nazi Party- 1919 (National Socialist German Workers’ Party); extreme
nationalism, control of all industry by the state, the superiority of the Aryan race,
and leadership by a dictator
• Neutrality Acts of 1935 and 1937-made it illegal for Americans to sell arms to
countries at war, and could only sell nonmilitary supplies on a “cash-and-carry”
basis
• Axis Powers- becomes official in 1940; Japan, Italy, and Germany; losing
countries of WW2
Political Map of Europe
•
Please use the Political Map of 1939
to write down four things:
1. Write down the names of the
countries located on the map
2. Color the map with four things:
Axis countries 1939; Axis countries
1941; Allied Countries; Neutral
countries. Don’t forget to create
a key
3. Draw an arrow from Germany to
the following countries and write
when they were invaded: Poland,
France, USSR (Soviet Union)
4. On the side of the map, list which
side the following countries would
be fight for during WW2: United
States, China, Japan, Australia,
Brazil, Canada, South Africa
MAP OF EUROPEAN ALLIES
Holocaust Map
1. Recreate the map on page 600, using
only the countries names and number
of Jews killed within that country
2. Using the map on page 609, and
online sources, locate the following
concentration/extermination camps:
• Auschwitz-Birkenau; Belzec;
Treblinka
• Ravensbruk, Bergen-Belsen;
Dachau
• Natzweiler-Struthof; Jasenovac
CHAPTER 19, SECTION 2
• Anschluss- “union”; political unification of Germany and Austria
• Munich Conference- September 1938; Britain, France, Italy, and Germany met to
decide Czechoslovakia fate, which was given to Hitler
• Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact- Germany and the USSR signed an agreement not to
attack each other for the next 10 years
• September 1, 1939- Germany invades Poland; Britain and France declare war
on Germany September 3, beginning WW2
• Sitzkrieg- “sitting war”, Phony war, or Bore War; nothing much was happening
in West from Sept 1939 till April 1940
• Winston Churchill- Prime Minister of Great Britain during most of World War 2
• Battle of Britain- June 1940 to October 1940; battle for air superiority between
Germany and Britain over England, with the British eventually winning
CHAPTER 19, SECTION 3
• Shoah- Hebrew term for Holocaust which means catastrophe,
devastation, ruin, or waste
• Nuremburg Laws- September 1935; these laws formed the
legal basis for the Jews' exclusion from German society and
set basis for further anti-Jewish laws
• Gestapo- Nazi secret police responsible for helping
persecute the Jewish people
• Wannasee Conference and Final Solution- January 1942;
Nazi’s officially establish the beginning of the full-scale,
comprehensive extermination operation of the Jews
CHAPTER 19, SECTION 4
• Lend-Lease Act-allowed the United States to lend or lease
arms to any nation considered vital to the defense of America
• Atlantic Charter- agreement between US and Britain to a
postwar world of democracy, nonaggression, free trade,
economic advancement and freedom of the seas
• Japan attacks Pearl Harbor-Japanese surprised attacked the
US Pacific Fleet, sinking or damaging 21 ships, 188 airplanes,
and killing 2400 Americans
CHAPTER 20, SECTION 1
• Selective Service and Training Act- June 1940; plan for the first
peacetime draft in American history
• African American and War- At beginning of war, US military
was still segregated and African Americans fought bravely
during the war, hoping to provide Victory abroad and victory
over racism at home
• Women and the War- Women were enlisted for the first time,
but barred from combat and were first allowed in 1942, where
the worked in administrative and clerical positions, as well as
nurses
CHAPTER 20, SECTION 2
• General Douglas MacArthur- commander of the Allied Forces in the
Pacific Theater
• James Doolittle and Doolittle Raid- Leader of a raid in which B-25
bombers flew to and dropped bombs on Japanese lands for the first
time
• Battle of Midway- turning point in the Pacific theatre; Japan lost four
large naval carriers and was now forced to be on the defensive
• General George Patton- “Old Blood and Guts”; maybe best American
general in the European campaign; especially with tank warfare
• Battle of Stalingrad- July 1942-February 1943; turning point in the
European campaign as Germany was stopped and put on the
defensive by the USSR
CHAPTER 20, SECTION 3
• Rosie the Riveter-iconic image in a government
campaign to recruit female workers for factories and
shipyards
• Japanese Interment Camps- around 120,000 Japanese77,000 American citizens- were rounded up and sent to 10
interment camps located around America
• Korematsu v. United States- Supreme Court ruled
relocation constitutional because it was not based on
race, but on “military urgency
CHAPTER 20, SECTION 4
• Casablanca Conference- Roosevelt and Churchill agree to
continue bombing Germany to destroy military, industry,
economy, and German morale; also attack Sicily and Italy
• Tehran Conference-first meeting of the Big Three: Stalin would
launch full-scale invasion when Allies invaded France; break up
Germany after war; USSR would help America defeat Japan after
Germany was defeated
• Operation Overlord- codename given for the invasion of France;
General Dwight D. Eisenhower was given command
• D-Day- June 6, 1944 was the date the Allied forces invaded France
for Operation Overlord
CHAPTER 20, SECTION 5
• Battle of the Bulge- Hitler staged one last offensive in December 1944 and would catch the
Allies temporarily by surprise, creating a bulge in the line; largest and bloodiest battle of war
for USA, costing 89,000 causalities
• V-E Day- May 8, 1945; stand for “Victory in Europe
• Harry S. Truman- Roosevelt’s Vice President who becomes President; will finish out WW2, drop
bomb on Japan, and begin to navigate US through post-WW2 and beginning of Cold War
• Manhattan Project and Dropping of Atomic Bomb- American program to build an atomic
bomb; J. Robert Oppenheimer; America dropped two bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki,
causing Japan to surrender to the United States
• V-J Day- August 15, 1945; Japan surrenders to end WW2
• United Nations- April 1945; New world organization that would help promote peace, stability,
and prosperity around the world; 5 countries would be permanent fixtures: Britain, France,
China, Soviet Union, and United States
• Nuremberg Trials- Trials that took place in Germany by the International Military Tribunal (IMT)
to try German leaders suspected of committing war crimes