Transcript WWII: Battlefront

BEFORE the bell rings
1.
2.
3.
4.
Turn in WS p. 249-250 and 255-256 to
basket.
Turn in Progress Report to basket.
Turn in Extra Credit Answers to basket.
Get a sheet of paper out and pen/pencil.
EXTRA CREDIT-write answers
in complete sentences.
1.
2.
3.
What was the Schlieffen Plan?
Who declared war on Austria-Hungry
after A-H declared war on Serbia?
What plan called for a just and lasting
peace?

In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to
a world founded upon four essential human freedoms.
The first is freedom of speech and expression—everywhere in the
world.
The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his own
way—everywhere in the world.
The third is freedom from want—which, translated into world terms,
means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a
healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants—everywhere in the world.
The fourth is freedom from fear—which, translated into world terms,
means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in
such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit
an act of physical aggression against any neighbor—anywhere in the
world.
WWII: Battlefronts
1939-1945
Two Theaters:
Europe (Germany)
Pacific (Japan)
Pacific
Theater
European
Theater
Axis Strategies

Axis: Germany, Italy & Japan



Main goal: prevent American
war materials from getting
into Europe…


had their own goals
only shared common enemies
u-boats patrol seas (“wolf
packs”) but sonar use will level
the playing field
Battle of Britain:



German air raids on Britain…
Hitler was hoping to defeat
Britain just like he had
France…
not successful
Allied Strategies

Allies: France, Britain, China, US,
Russia




Had General George Patton
controlling efforts in Africa
Allies attacked Italy




unified in their goals…
get Hitler in Europe and then turn to
the Pacific
Mussolini overthrown
removed Hitler’s help…
new government declared war on
Germany
Russia wanted Allies to set up
western front in France

Germany was fighting a two-front war
War in Europe: Stalingrad

Germany attacked
Russia (Why is this
significant?)
 Hitler
wanted Stalingrad
for the oil fields
 Non-Aggression Pact


Hitler would not admit
defeat even though his
troops were surrounded
Turning Point of War In
Europe
 ended
any plans Hitler
had for domination in
Europe
Operation Overlord (D-Day)

Plan to invade German
occupied France




create two-front war for
Germany
led by General Dwight D.
Eisenhower
D-Day: when Allies hit
Germany on the beaches of
Normandy (code name
Omaha)
Now Germany fought a
hopeless two front war with
Allies closing in on
Germany… this is why
Germany lost the war
Battle of the Bulge

Germany’s counterattack to
D-Day
 an
attempt to separate British and
American troops
 Not successful only pushed Hitler
further back into Germany…
 defeat would come soon


Ends war in Europe
V-E (Victory in Europe) Day
 Hitler
commits suicide on April 30,
1945
 7 days later Germany surrendered
on May 7th
War in Pacific: Midway

Japan was trying to
conquer all of Asia…



turned its sights to the
American naval base at
Midway
American Admiral Chester
Nimitz knew of these plans
and dealt them the most
decisive defeat of the war…
turning point of war in the
Pacific because it ended
the Japanese
advancement in the Pacific
Island Hopping

American strategy in
the Pacific
 hop
from island to island
on a steady path to
Japan

Deadly process when
Japanese kamikazes
deliberately crash their
planes into American
ships
 Like
suicide bombers
Iwo Jima




part of island
hopping
36 day campaign to
obtain the 5 mile
island of Iwo Jima
US Marines plant the
American flag on
Japanese territory…
symbolic of American
successes and later
victory over Japan
The Atomic Bomb Ends the War



Albert Einstein split atoms
and it created large amounts
of energy…
FDR creates the Manhattan
Project to develop the
atomic bomb for military
use
did not realize its potential
and future impact on war
would be so devastating


bombs are tested in Arizona
led by J. Robert Oppenheimer
V-J Day



President Harry Truman
ordered for two atomic
bombs to be dropped on
the Japanese cities of
Nagasaki and Hiroshima
Emperor Hirohito
surrendered and
Americans celebrated VJ (Victory in Japan) Day
WWII was over
Holocaust


Nazis attempt to kill all
Jews (genocide)
Hitler’s Final Solution to
the Jewish problem




extermination of all Jews
6 million total
Concentration/death
camps warehoused
Jews until extermination
After war, America helps
liberate (free) remaining
Jews
WWII Meetings




Casablanca Conference: first meeting between Allies
(GB and US) to discuss war strategies
Tehran Conference: 1st Big Three meeting on how to
get Hitler to surrender
Yalta Conference: end of war meeting on how to
rebuild Europe and divide up Germany amongst Allies
Potsdam Conference: meeting to discuss how to
punish Germany and get Japan to surrender
The Big Three
Joseph
Stalin for
Soviet
Union
FDR for US,
after he
dies Harry
Truman
steps in.
Winston
Churchill
for Britain