Transcript Facts of the Day 6. 77

77
Laws separating whites and AfricanAmericans in public facilities and restricting
their legal guarantees, such as the right to
vote
Often part of state statutes
Support for these laws were provided in the Plessy
v. Ferguson Case, demonstrating the limits of the
14th Amendment
Name of the laws are said to be derived from a character in a
Minstrel song
Restrictions by Southern states
on former slaves
Designed to replicate the conditions of slavery in
the post-Civil War South
Various codes prohibited meetings without a
WHITE present, while others established
SEGREGATED PUBLIC FACILITIES
Led to Radical Republican opposition &
exclusion of SOUTHERN representation in
CONGRESS
78
Also known as the GLASS-STEAGALL
ACT
Created the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation to guarantee bank deposits
(FDIC).
The Banking Act of 1933 was part of
Roosevelt’s First New Deal.
79
Term used to describe the growth of AFRICANAMERICAN Literature & Arts
The center of this movement was Harlem, New York, where
many African-Americans moved to during the early 1900s
Southern African-Americans brought jazz to Harlem and
influenced the music scene; at the same time, writing,
sculpting, and photography grew as art forms
Writers from the period included Langston Hughes, Zora
Neale Hurston, and Claude McKay
Musicians from this time included Duke Ellington, Bessie
Smith, and Louis Armstrong
The Great Depression led to the decline of the
RENAISSANCE
80
Was a constitution written in 1639 by Connecticut
settlers.
It was the first formal written CONSTITUTION in
the NEW WORLD.
The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut stated
that a government’s POWER comes from the
consent of the governed….not a KING or the
BIBLE.
84
Also known as the Ardennes Campaign (1944 – 45) of
World War II, this was Adolf Hitler's last
counteroffensive in the West by Hitler
An attempt to break the Allied lines at the
Ardennes Forest.
Drive a wedge between the American and British armies
Capture the Belgian port of Antwerp
Disrupt logistics (supply lines), trap Allied
forces – American and British troops
Achieve a negotiated peace in the West
86
The 1943 conference was the first time the “BIG
THREE”; U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
United Kingdom Prime Minister Churchill, and
Soviet Union leader Joseph Stalin. The three
leaders planned the D-Day invasion at Normandy
and agreed to divide Germany into zones of
occupation, if and when the Germany lost WW II.
Stalin also agreed to join the war against Japan
once German leader Adolf Hitler was defeated.
GOAL  “Containment” of Communism & the
eventual collapse of the Communist world.
GOAL  spread worldwide Communism
88
Virginia Plan – Called for bicameral legislature
based on population and both the chief
executive and judiciary to be chosen by
legislature
New Jersey Plan - called for unicameral
legislature with equal representation
Plans were united in the GREAT
COMPROMISE; the plans form the basis of the
modern American legislative structure – US
Constitution
89
British impressment of American sailors
American frontiersmen wanted more free land, as the West was
held by Native Americans and the British
The USA suspected the British were encouraging Native
American rebellion
“War Hawk” Congressional leaders, such as Henry Clay and
John Calhoun, pressed for intervention
War Hawks desired annexation of Canada & Florida
Despite the Embargo Act and Non-Intercourse Act, hostilities
could not be cooled
The USA sided with France against Britain
During the War of 1812, a British ARMADA sailed up the
Chesapeake Bay and BURNED the PRESIDENTIAL MANSION
(the WHITE HOUSE)
Response came in response to the American burning of Toronto
The armada proceeded toward Baltimore; America’s Ft. McHenry
held firm though bombardment
Inspired Francis Scott Key’s “Star Spangled Banner”
90
A proposal to reunite the country AFTER THE civil war by
Senators Wade & Davis
A proposal to reunite the country by Senators
Wade & Davis
Required that 50% of a state’s white male
voters take a loyalty oath to be readmitted to
the UNION
Demanded stronger efforts on behalf of
states to emancipate slaves
Lincoln “pocket-vetoed ” the bill in favor
of his “10% Plan”
91
Congressional support agency providing food, clothing, and
education for freed slaves AFTER THE CIVIL WAR
Ex-slaves states were divided into districts that were managed
by assistant commissioners
Despite its benefits, the Bureau failed to establish the freed
slaves as landowners
It organized the African-American vote for the Republican Party,
created great animosity toward the Bureau in the South
92
The movement of African-Americans from the
South to the industrial centers of the Northeast
and the Midwest
The African-American population in such cities as
Detroit, Chicago, and New York grew during this
period
The migration led to higher wages, more
educational opportunities, and better standards of
life for many African-Americans.
93
Further outlined regulations against MONOPOLIES
& other UNFAIR business practices, WAS a KEY
victory for ORGANIZED LABOR. It exempted labor
unions from prosecution under antitrust laws &
legalized STRIKES & PICKETING
Meant as
update for the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
Price discrimination that was destructive to competition was declared illegal
Declared interlocking board of directors of direct
competitors to be illegal
Established Federal Trade Commission to investigate &
prosecute instances of unfair competition
Served as the grounds for many suits against big corporations
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96
97
Further outlined regulations against MONOPOLIES
& other UNFAIR business practices, WAS a KEY
victory for ORGANIZED LABOR. It exempted labor
unions from prosecution under antitrust laws &
legalized STRIKES & PICKETING
Meant as
update for the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890
Price discrimination that was destructive to competition was declared illegal
Declared interlocking board of directors of direct
competitors to be illegal
Established Federal Trade Commission to investigate &
prosecute instances of unfair competition
Served as the grounds for many suits against big corporations
98
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100
101
102
American proposal to aid the British, who had little cash for
supplies…..during WW II
Offered to give the British American supplies in exchange for
payment after the war
Payment could be made in material goods and services
Put the USA on the SIDE of the Allies
USA also allowed for Cash & Carry, in which British and
French ship could come into the USA’s ports & buy anything
that they could carry out
GERMANY KNEW of this and was very UNHAPPY!
102
continued
In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt forced the
LEND-LEASE ACT of 1941 through Congress. The act
allowed the president to “lend” or “lease” large amounts
of ARMAMENTS to England and other Allied Forces
during WW II.
To protect these shipments, Roosevelt sent American
ships into the war zone, drawing German attacks.
The Lend-Lease Act drew the USA away from its position
of Neutrality and further involved the nation in World War
II prior to the bombing of Pearl Harbor.