Transcript End of WWII in Europe US

BELLWORK 4/6
1. Describe how the U.S. got out of the Great
Depression.
2. Why did the Allies win WWII in Europe? (Think
about the video)
3. Who was Rosie the Riveter? What did she
represent?
4. What was Executive Order 9066? Why did the
government/citizens support this?
5. What was the outcome of Korematsu vs. U.S?
6. THINKER: Do you ever think internment could
happen in our country again? Why or why
not?
End of War in Europe
• What strategy did the Allied leaders
develop at the Casablanca Conference?
• How were the allies gradually taking back
Europe? Strategies?
• What were some important battles in
Europe?
Battle of the Bulge
• Germany’s last
offensive attack
• Invaded Belgium
and created a
“bulge” in Allied
defense lines
• Germans lost and
were pushed back
Yalta Conference
• February 1945 - Roosevelt, Churchill, and
Stalin met at Yalta (Soviet Union) to
discuss the postwar world
• Formed the United Nations
• Divide Germany and Berlin into four zones
• Stalin obtained Poland if he promised to
allow free elections
• Stalin gained Pacific islands if he
promised to declare war on Japan
KEEP IN MIND:
Stalin is gong to break these promises = COLD WAR!!!!
FDR’s Death
"Men will thank God on their
knees a hundred years from
now that Franklin D. Roosevelt
was in the White House”
• FDR was elected to
his 4th term in 1944;
with a new VP
• After 12 years in
office and four
presidential terms,
FDR died on April
12, 1945
• Died from a cerebral
hemorrhage (stroke)
• Replaced by VP
Harry Truman
Mussolini’s Death
• Italian government wanted
to punish Mussolini for war
crimes
• Tried to escape to
Switzerland
• He was caught by soldiers
and executed the next day
• April 28, 1945
• Shot by firing squad, body
hung in city where civilians
beat, kicked, spat, and
stoned his dead body.
Death of Hitler
• The Allies
surrounded Germany
and it became clear
the Axis powers
would lose.
• Hitler committed
suicide in an
underground bunker
on April 30, 1945
War in Europe is over!
• Berlin fell to the
Allies on May 2,
1945
• Germany
surrenders
• May 8th: V-E Day
(Victory in
Europe)
• Who is left?
War in Europe is over!!
WWII Animated Map
Effects of WWII
• Look at the graph on page 515
Effects in post-WWII Germany
• Germany was totally
defeated, and the Nazi
regime brought down. Its
leaders were tried for
crimes against humanity
at Nuremberg.
• German cities were in
ruins from a massive
bombing campaign.
• Germany was divided
into 4 zones of
occupation by the
victorious powers
Effects in post-WWII England
• England was devastated
by the war, having
experienced extensive
bombing during the 1940
blitz by the Germans.
• The economy depended
on recovery & aid from
the United States.
• England rapidly phased
out most of its remaining
colonies in the years
immediately following
the war.
Effects in post-WWII France
• France had not experienced the
enormous human losses
sustained in the First World
War, but would have to recover
from the effects of Nazi
occupation.
• Like England, France would be
compelled to dismantle its
colonial empire in the years
following the war. This was a
particularly traumatic and
drawn out process for the
French, in Algeria and in
Vietnam where they fought
prolonged and bitter wars in an
attempt to maintain their
colonial control.
• England and France no longer
held a status of power
comparable to the United
States or the Soviet Union.
Effects in post-WWII Soviet Union
• The Soviets had suffered
immeasurably during the
war, and western SU was
devastated by the land
warfare which was primarily
on Soviet territory.
• But, in the process of
defeating the Germans, the
Russians had built a large
and powerful army, which
occupied most of Eastern
Europe at the end of the war.
• The great resources and
population of SU assured
that the Soviet Union would
be, along with the United
States, one of two superpowers.
Effects in post-WWII United States
• The United States economy
was greatly stimulated by the
war, even more so than in
World War I.
• The depression was brought to
an end, and new industrial
centers were built all over the
United States.
• By avoiding the physical
destruction of war, the U.S.
economy dominated the world
economy.
• After 4 years of military buildup,
the U.S. had also become the
leading military power.
• The position of the United
States as world leader was now
more obvious than ever.