Transcript the US of A. – baby!

United States Enters the War
Assignment
• Page 757: A
• Page 760: C, D
• Page 763: #1 (Lend-Lease Act, Hideki
Tojo)
I. The Isolationists
A. America First Committee - peaked at 800,000
members including Henry Ford and Charles
Lindbergh
Lindbergh
giving a
speech
II. The Arsenal of Democracy
the U.S. of A. – baby!
FDR knew we had to
help Britain and the
USSR, AND the U.S.
had to get ready for
war.
A. Began a military
build-up
Others knew we had to
do something
We were WAY behind
• Our Century, part 4, 52:35 – 55:32 to show
what we were up against
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uBWQU
G9S-g4&feature=related – 10:52 – 13:47
Keeping West Coast plants secret
Lockheed airplane plant, Burbank, CA, before and . . .
after – made it look like a housing division
III. German attacks
• A. Germans began attacking American
ships
• B. Roosevelt ordered American ships to
shoot at them
IV. Mobilizing Troops
 A. 5 million volunteered,
 B. Minorities volunteered in large numbers
C. Expansion of the Military
• 1. Women’s Army Corps (WAC’s)—
• women worked as nurses, ambulance
drivers, radio operators--anything that
did not involve combat
2. Navajo (Dine) Code Talkers
B. Expansion of the Military (cont’d)
• 3. Air Force est. in 1941,
• Army Air Corps remained in place until
1947
V. Atlantic Charter
• A. Secret meeting between Churchill and
Roosevelt – Aug. 1941 off the coast of
Newfoundland
• B. Set 9 principles for fighting the war, including:
• 1. Neither Britain nor the U.S. would gain
land
• 2. All people had the right to selfdetermination
• 3. Freedom of the seas
• 4. Freedom from want and fear
• 5. Disarmament of aggressor nations, and
postwar disarmament for all
• 6. Defeat of Germany and other Axis
countries
Churchill’s edited copy of the
Atlantic Charter
A. Japan attacked the United
States
• 1. U.S. knew a Dec. 7 attack was planned
•
a. U.S. and Dutch had broken the code –
but we didn’t know where the attack was going
to take place
• 2. U.S. thought the attack would be either in the
Philippines or in the form of sabotage at Pearl
Harbor
• 3. The U.S. thought the Japanese pilots had bad
eyesight and we would be able to crush any
attack
Route of Japanese Fleet
Japanese planes ready to leave their carrier to attack Pearl Harbor
Japanese photo of the beginning of the attack
Another Japanese photo of the attack
USS Shaw exploding
Was fixed within a few months and
ended up being in 11 battles
• B. 2 waves of 180 planes each (7 planes
didn’t make it)
• Japan had 5 mini subs that were to
torpedo ships – none did and nearly all
men died.
• C. Japanese planned a third attack – to
take out the stored fuel but didn’t – mainly
because the Americans were shooting
down their planes
D. Damages
1. 19 ships sunk or
disabled, 170 planes
lost and 2,403 dead
(military and
civilian),1,178 were
wounded.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VqQAf
74fsE
FDR signing the
declaration of war
against Japan
Dec. 8, 1941
“I fear that we have awoken a
sleeping giant and filled him with
resolve.”
Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto
another quote
• "Before we're through with
them, the Japanese
language will be spoken
only in Hell."
•
Admiral Bull Halsey
This is probably a swell time
to watch a movie!
Attack: What points are made to “fire
up” the American people to avenge the
attack?
WW II Memorial in
Washington, DC
Dedicated on April 29, 2004
Ginormous assignment!!
• You will (with your partner, if you have one) write
articles about the War in Europe. Use pages
775-783. For each of the following, you will
need an Interesting, Fact-filled article. For the
battle articles, you will need BATTLE
DETAILS!!!! For ALL of them, you will need
information on why it matters!!!!! QUOTES ARE
NEEDED.
• GET THEM CHECKED
AS YOU GO. DON’T GET BEHIND.
DON’T “SPLIT THEM UP” – IT WILL MESS UP
THE ENTIRE THING
• Use pages 775-783
• Write newspaper articles about each of the following:
– U.S. and Britain join forces (also include the plan for fighting the
war)
– The Battle of the Atlantic
– North Africa
– Italian Campaign
– D-Day
– Battle of the Bulge
– Liberation of Death Camps
– Surrender
– Roosevelt’s Death
Rationing
Rationed Items
Rationing Duration
Tires
Cars
Bicycles
Gasoline
Fuel Oil & Kerosene
Solid Fuels
Stoves
January 1942 to December 1945
February 1942 to October 1945
July 1942 to September 1945
May 1942 to August 1945
October 1942 to August 1945
September 1943 to August 1945
December 1942 to August 1945
Rubber Footwear
Shoes
October 1942 to September 1945
February 1943 to October 1945
Sugar
Coffee
Processed Foods
Meats, canned fish
Cheese, canned milk, fats
May 1942 to 1947
November 1942 to July 1943
March 1943 to August 1945
March 1943 to November 1945
March 1943 to November 1945
Typewriters
March 1942 to April 1944
Switch to WWII in the Pacific
powerpoint
Audie Murphy
• When Audie Murphy applied to the Marines in 1942 at the tender
age of 16, he was 5'5" and weighed 110 pounds. They laughed in
his face. So he applied to the Air Force, and they also laughed in his
face. Then he applied for the Army, and they figured they could
always use another grunt to absorb gunfire, so they let him in. He
wasn't particularly good at it, and they actually tried to get him
transferred to be a cook after he passed out halfway through
training. He insisted that he wanted to fight though, so they sent him
into the maelstrom.
• During the invasion of Italy he was promoted to corporal for his
awesome shooting skills, and at the same time contracted malaria,
which he had for almost the entire war. Try to remember that.
• He was sent into southern France in 1944. He encountered a
German machine gun crew who pretended they were surrendering,
then shot his best buddy. Murphy completely hulked out, killed
everyone in the gun nest, then used their weaponry to kill every
baddie in a 100-yard radius, including two more machine gun nests
and a bunch of snipers. They gave him a Distiguished Service
Cross, and made him platoon commander while everyone
apologized profusely for calling him "Shorty."
• About half a year later, his company was given the job of defending
the Colmar Pocket, a critical region in France, even though all they
had left was 19 guys (out of the original 128) and a couple of M-10
Tank Destroyers.
• The Germans showed up with a lot of guys and
half a dozen tanks. Since reinforcements weren't
coming for a while, Murphy and his men hid in a
trench and sent the M-10s to go do the heavy
lifting. They got ripped to shreds.
• Then, this five-and-a-half-foot-tall kid with
malaria ran up to one of the crippled M-10s,
hopped in behind the .50 cal machine gun, and
started killing everything in sight. Understand
that the M-10 was on fire, had a full tank of gas
and was basically a death-trap.
• He kept going for almost an hour until he was out of
bullets, then walked back to his bewildered men as the
M-10 exploded in the background Mad Max style. They
gave him literally every medal they could (33 in all,
although he had doubles of a few, plus five from France
and one from Belgium), including the Medal of Honor.
• After the war, he came down with Shell-Shock, and was
prescribed the antidepressant placidyl. When he became
addicted to the drug, rather than enter a program like
some kind of sissy, he went cold-turkey, locked himself
in a motel room for a week and got over it. He wrote an
autobiography entitled To Hell and Back, and later
became an actor.
• When some Hollywood producer wanted to
make a movie based on Murphy's
autobiography, he was determined to have
Murphy play himself in the film. Murphy was
afraid people would see the complete insane
awesomeness the story had to offer, and think
he was embellishing or trying to cash in on his
fame, so he actually had them take parts out for
fear that they wouldn't be believable to a
Hollywood audience. Seriously.