Transcript The Great War


I hope that you enjoyed your snow day!
Please sit wherever you like.
You will need to take notes today.
1
A World in Flames
(1931-1941)
2
Entrance Ticket

 How did WWII Begin?
 What was “Appeasement”?
3
Section 2

WWII Begins … but not for the U.S.
(1935-1940)
4
Learning Targets

 I can describe the causes and effects of American
isolationism during the 1930s and the effect this policy
had on America’s war preparation.
 I can compare and contrast President Franklin D.
Roosevelt’s world view with that of Germany’s Adolf
Hitler, Italy’s Benito Mussolini, the Soviet Union’s Joseph
Stalin, and Japan’s Hideki Tojo.
 I can identify and explain key events from Versailles to
Pearl Harbor that resulted in the United States entry into
World War II.
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Key Vocabulary

 Anschluss
 Appeasement
 Munich Conference
 Nazi-Soviet
Nonaggression Pact
 Danzig
 Dunkirk
 Maginot Line
 Blitzkrieg
 Miracle of Dunkirk
 Winston Churchill
 Nevil Chamberlin
 Battle of Britain
 Lend-Lease Act of 1941
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WWII Begins

Guiding Questions:
1. *Why is the fight for freedom necessary?*
2. What were the causes and effects of American isolationism
during the 1930s?
3. What were the key events from Versailles to Pearl Harbor
that resulted in the United States entry into World War II?
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Step 1: Rebuild & Reoccupy

 Nazi Germany becomes
increasingly aggressive
throughout the 1930s.
 (1935) Hitler openly defies
Treaty of Versailles (“ToV”)
 Begins to rebuild the Germany
military (Army/Air
Force/Navy).
 Reinstitutes the German Draft
 (1936) German troops reoccupy
Rhineland (defying ToV)
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Why Weren’t the Nazis Stopped?

 Why didn’t European leaders oppose him while
Germany was still weak?
1. Desire to avoid bloodshed of WWI
2. Some viewed Hitler’s demands as reasonable (return
of German territory)
3. Many thought that Nazis would be happy with more
territory.
 This failure to “get involved” leads to a policy of
Appeasement.
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Step 2: Forced Annexation

 Appeasement = ineffective
Delay
 While Europe is dithering….
 (1937) Hitler calls for
reunification of German
speaking peoples in Austria
and Czechoslovakia
 (1938) Germany demands that
Nazis be given power in
Austria
 Nazis invade and annex
Austria (aka Anschluss)
 (1939) Britain, France, Italy and
Germany meet in Munich to
decide fate of Czechoslovakia
(the Munich Conference)
 The Sudetenland is annexed to
Germany
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Appeasement

 The Nazis get what they want
at the Munich Conference.
 The British people are told by
their PM Neville Chamberlin
that there will be “Peace in our
time” and that the threat of war
in Europe is ended. (1:40)
 He was wrong. Less than a
year later Hitler will invade
Poland… and WWII will begin.
 PM Neville Chamberlin will be
replaced by Winston Churchill.
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Step 3:
Make Demands on Poland

 Hitler demands return of the
city of Danzig & access to
East Prussia across Polish
Corridor
 Appeasement Ends
 France & Britain decide that
war is coming.
 (March 1939) F&B warn
Germany that they will
defend Poland
 (May 1939) Hitler prepares
army to invade Poland
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Step 4:
Secure Eastern Border and Invade Poland

 (August 1939) Hitler signs
Nonaggression Pact with
USSR – Poland will be
divided between the 2.
Why?
 Stalin wants to divide
Capitalist Nations
 Hitler wants to secure
Germany’s Eastern
border
 Remember: Nazis HATE
Communism
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Step 5: Invade Poland

 (September 1, 1939) Hitler
invades Poland
 Blitzkrieg = “lightning
war”
 Poland resists
Mechanized German
Army with men on
horseback/lancers
 (Sept. 27, 1939) Warsaw
(Polish capital) falls
 (Oct. 5, 1939) Poland
Surrenders
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Step 6: Invade France

 Maginot Line Constructed
after WWI along France’s
Eastern Border with
Germany – Brits and Fr.
Wait – Sitzkreig (sitting war)
 (May 1940) Hitler Invades
France through the
Ardennes Forest in Belgium
and by Air. Why?
 Goes around the Maginot
Line (Brits and Fr. are
surprised)
 Sitzkreig turns to Blitzkrieg
 Brits and Fr. Army trapped
in Belgium (on coast)
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Step 7: Defeat British & French Armies
and Conquer France

 Germany controls all
northern French ports except
Dunkirk
 British and French Armies
evacuated after Nazi
advance stops short
 350,000 troops evacuated
 All weapons lost
 Miracle at Dunkirk
 (June 14, 1940) Hitler enters
Paris)
 (June 22, 1940) France
Surrenders
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Step 8: Conquer and Annex Britain
(Um…Not Quite)

 Germany Expects British
Surrender and
Annexation…
 (June 4, 1940) British PM
Winston Churchill
delivers speech defying
Nazi Germany. (12:21)
 The German Luftwaffe
launches all out attack on
Britain it is repelled by the
British Air Force  the
Battle of Britain Begins
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In 1941 the U.S.
will decide to intervene…

 The U.S. will decide to assist the British through the
Lend-Lease Act of 1941.
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Lend-Lease Act of 1941

 Lend Lease Act of 1941: an arrangement for the
transfer of war supplies, including food, machinery,
and services, to nations (Britain/Free
France/China/etc.) whose defense was considered
vital to the defense of the United States in World
War II.
 Did the Lend-Lease Act of 1941 lead to U.S.
involvement in WWII?
 Isolationists argued “yes”
 Interventionists argued “no”
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Your Assignment
(SAC)

 You and your partner will be assigned a position as either
an “Isolationist” or an “Interventionist”.
 Your homework:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Read and mark up the document set provided
Identify evidence in the documents that support your
position as an “Isolationist” or “Interventionist”.
Next class period you will be given time to prepare your
final argument. You will then present your argument as a
team to an opposing group.
After both presentations you will come to and report a
consensus opinion as a group of 4.
 Grades will be assigned based on observed
performance.
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Test Your Understanding
 Write IDs for the
following:
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Anschluss
Appeasement

Munich Conference
Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
Danzig
1.
Dunkirk
2.
Maginot Line
Blitzkrieg
Miracle of Dunkirk
3.
Winston Churchill
Nevil Chamberlin
Battle of Britain
Lend-Lease Act of 1941
Answer the following
Questions:
*Why is the fight for freedom
necessary?*
What were the causes and effects of
American isolationism during the
1930s?
What were the key events from
Versailles to Pearl Harbor that
resulted in the United States entry
into World War II.
22