Transcript Biology Discussion Notes

Biology Discussion Notes
Tuesday 11/18/2014
Goals for the Day
1. Learn the basic functions of Eukaryotic
cell organelles
2. Be able to separate organelles as
belonging to plant cells, animal cells, or
both.
3. Be able to separate organelles as
belonging to Prokaryotes or Eukaryotes
Question of the Day
• What are 5 cell parts that
ALL cells contain?
Common Features of Cells
ALL Cells (Prokaryotes & Eukaryotes) share
common structural features, including:
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Cell membrane-an outer boundary of the cell
Cytoplasm-interior substance of the cell
Cytoskeleton-structural support for the cell
DNA –form of genetic material
Ribosomes- cellular structures that make proteins
Species of the day 11/17
Olive Baboon
Papio anubis
Is this baboon a prokaryote or a
eukaryote? What cell parts do you know it
has?
EUKARYOTIC Cell Organelles
• Membrane-bound Organelles
–Organs for cells
• Nucleus
– Controls all cell activities
– Contains DNA
Eukaryotic Cells
Nucleus of a Cell
The Nucleus, continued
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
• Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• Rough ER has ribosomes
–makes/transports proteins
• Smooth ER
–makes/transports lipids
Endoplasmic Reticulum
The ER moves proteins and other substances within eukaryotic
cells.
Golgi bodies
Golgi bodies
Storage and Packaging
The UPS of the cell
Lysosome
• Lysosomes- small, spherical
organelles that contain the cell’s digestive
enzymes
• Function: Digestion & Recycling
(The garbage man of the cell)
Structures of Plant Cells
What 2 structures (cell organelles) did we
learn about last unit that PLANT cells
contain buy animal cells do not?
Structures of Plant Cells
Plants have three unique structures that are
not found in animal cells:
• Cell Wall
• Chloroplasts
• Central Vacuole
Structures of Plant Cells
• Cell Wall –surrounds the cell membrane of
plant cells, and is made of proteins and
carbohydrates.
Functions of the Cell Wall:
• protects the cell from damage
• connects the cell with adjacent cells
• helps support and maintain the shape of the
cell
Are plants the only organisms
with a cell wall?
Structures of Plant Cells
Central Vacuole:
• Most of a plant cell’s volume is
taken up by the central vacuole.
• Functions:
• stores water, nutrients, and
wastes
Structures of Plant Cells
Central Vacuole:
• Takes over the function of the Lysosome,
which is not found in plant cells!!!
• Why might plants want to retain toxins
and wastes inside the cell???
Correct this statement
• Chloroplasts
–convert light energy into
USABLE energy
Mitochondria
Mitochondria (Powerhouse of the cell)
Convert sugar into usable energy (______)
Where in your body would you need a lot of
mitochondria?
Mitochondria, continued
Mitochondria have an inner and an outer membrane.
Mitochondria & Chloroplasts
• Unique features of the mitochondria
& chloroplast:
• Both are energy-related organelles
• Have two membranes
• Have their own DNA
• Reproduce separately from the cell
Cell Wall & Cell Membrane
If bacteria, plants, & fungi
have cell walls, do they have
a cell membrane?
Explain.
Organizing Organelles
Species of the day 11/18
Ocean Sunfish
Mola mola
Species of the day 11/18
Ocean Sunfish
Mola mola
Species of the day 11/18
Ocean Sunfish
Mola mola
Species of the day 11/18
Ocean Sunfish
Mola mola
Species of the day 11/21
Ocean
Sunfish
Mola mola
What cells parts
does this ocean
sunfish have?
Name as many
as you can.