Transcript Chapter 27 Study Guide

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CHAPTER 27
America in the World
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The year is 1941, and the American naval base at Pearl
Harbor has been bombed. Now the United States has
joined the Allies in World War II. The Allies face
dangerous opponents in leaders such as Hitler, Mussolini,
and Tojo. You must do your part to help defeat them.
Would you risk your life to fight against dictators?
• What threat do dictators
pose to the world?
• What would you be willing
to sacrifice to defeat dictators?
1932 Franklin Roosevelt is elected president.
1935 Congress passes first Neutrality Act.
1936 Franklin Roosevelt is elected to a
second term.
1940 Roosevelt is elected to a third term.
1941 Japan bombs American naval base at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
1944 Roosevelt is elected to a fourth term.
1945 United States drops atomic bombs
on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan.
To World
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1931 Japan invades Manchuria.
1935 Italy invades Ethiopia.
1937 Japan invades China.
1939 Germany invades Poland.
1943 Soviets defeat Germans at Stalingrad.
1944 Allies invade Europe at Normandy.
1945 Germany and Japan surrender.
Back to U.S.
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Main Idea
The rise of dictators in Europe
and Asia led to World War II.
Why It Matters Now
Aggressive rulers still threaten peace today.
What events led to U.S. participation in World War II?
1931 Japan invades
Manchuria.
1938 Munich
Conference
1939 Germany
invades Poland.
1941 Japan attacks
Pearl Harbor.
• Who were the main Axis powers?
Who were the main Allied powers?
• Why was Hitler unable to
conquer Great Britain?
• What event prompted
U.S. entry into the war?
Analyzing Causes
Why do you think dictators such as
Hitler and Mussolini were able to gain such
power in the years before World War II?
Think About
• the peace treaties of World War I
• the worldwide depression
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Main Idea
The Allies defeated the Axis
powers in Europe and Africa.
Why It Matters Now
During World War II, the United
States assumed a leading role in
world affairs that continues today.
What were the key battles and events
that led to the Allies’ victory in Europe?
Battle of Stalingrad:
Soviets turn the tide
against the Nazis.
Battle of Alamein:
Allies begin to push
Nazis out
of Africa.
VICTORY
IN EUROPE
D-Day: Allies
invade Europe.
Invasion of Sicily:
Allies begin drive
toward Germany in
central Europe.
• How did the United States build
an army for the war?
• Why did the Allies try to conquer North
Africa before attacking southern Europe?
• Why was the Battle of Stalingrad considered
the turning point of the war in the east?
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Supporting Opinions
How might the war have been different
if Hitler had decided to fight alongside
the Soviet Union instead of against it?
Think About
• the difficulties of fighting a two-front war
• the resources of Germany and the Soviet Union
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Main Idea
After early losses, the Allies defeated
the Japanese in the Pacific.
Why It Matters Now
Since the war, the United States has continued
to play a major role in Asia.
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What events led to the U.S. defeat of Japan?
June 1942
Battle of Midway
October 1944 Invasion
of the Philippines
August 1945 Atomic
bombs dropped
on Japan
DEFEAT OF JAPAN
• Why was the Battle of Midway considered
such an important victory for the Allies?
• Why did the Allies want to conquer
the islands of Iwo Jima and Okinawa?
• What event finally prompted
Japan to surrender?
Forming Opinions
What might be the arguments
for and against using the atomic
bomb on Japan?
Think About
• the consequences of invading Japan
• the bomb’s destructive power
Back to Home
Main Idea
Americans at home made great
contributions to the Allied victory.
Why It Matters Now
World War II caused lasting
changes in the lives of civilians.
How did Americans at home
contribute to the war effort?
Rationing
EFFORT ON THE
HOME FRONT
Paying higher taxes
Buying war bonds
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• How did the war lift the nation
out of the Great Depression?
• How did the war spur an African-American
migration at home?
• What action did the U.S. government
take against many Japanese Americans
during the war?
Comparing and Contrasting
How were the war years a time of both
opportunity and struggle for American
women and minorities?
Think About
• Rosie the Riveter
• African-American migrants
• zoot-suit riots
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Main Idea
World War II had deep and lasting effects
on the United States and the world.
Why It Matters Now
As a result of World War II, the United States
became the dominant power in the world.
What were the effects of World War II?
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Defeat of fascism
Large numbers
of casualties
Use of nuclear
weapons
EFFECTS OF
WORLD WAR II
Weakening of
national economies
Nuremberg trials
Formation of
the UN
• What was the Marshall Plan?
• How did the G.I. Bill of Rights help
World War II veterans?
• What principles did the
Nuremberg trials establish?
Analyzing Causes
Why did the United States emerge
from the war so much better off than
other nations?
Think About
• the geographic location of the United States
• the role of American industry
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
ANSWERS: READ AND TAKE NOTES
1 Why did Hitler attack the Soviet Union?
2 What was the Lend-Lease program?
3 What role did women play in the war?
4 What was D-Day and why was it significant?
5 What was the strategy of island hopping?
6 What was the Manhattan Project?
7 In what ways did Americans at home
contribute to the war effort?
8 Why did the nation put thousands of Japanese Americans
in internment camps during the war?
9 Which nation lost the most soldiers
and civilians in the war?
10 What international tensions
arose after World War II?
Sequencing Events
IMPORTANT BATTLES IN EUROPE AND THE PACIFIC
September 1, 1939 Germany
invades Poland.
August 1940 Battle of Britain
intensifies.
December 7, 1941 Japan
bombs Pearl Harbor.
June 1942 Battle of Midway.
August 1942 Battle of
Stalingrad begins.
November 1942 Allies stop
German advance at El
Alamein in North Africa.
June 6, 1944 D-Day invasion
of Europe by Allies
December 1944 Battle of the
Bulge begins.
April 1945 U.S. Marines
invade Okinawa.
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