Transcript Document

Unit 4 Seminar
HW205
Vitamin Classifications
and Your Health
Daniela Messina, DC, MS,
L.Ac
Unit 4 Expectations
Initial discussion responses
due Saturday additional
two due by Tuesday,
Midnight.
Quiz due by Tuesday,
Midnight
Flex Seminar & Option 2
[email protected]
Learning Objectives
• understand the primary uses of the water soluble
vitamins
• learn the purpose and benefits of supplementing
with these vitamins
• be able to identify food sources of the nutrient
• know the RDA level along with common dosages
and forms of supplementation that are commonly
used
• understand the potential safety and precaution
issues
Focus of seminar
• Review of basic foundation concepts
related to vitamins
• Review of fat soluble vitamins
• Review of water soluble vitamins
• Discussion of vitamin classifications
according to function
True or False
• The only documented benefit of consuming
sufficient amounts of vitamins is protection
against deficiency diseases.
True or False
• Vitamins provide energy?
True or False
• Vitamin C is found only in citrus fruits.
• Nearly all cases of illness due to excessive
intake of vitamins result from the overuse
of vitamin supplements.
•
What are vitamins?
• Vitamins are chemical substances that
perform specific functions in the
body.
• They are essential nutrients because
the body cannot produce them.
• If we fail to consume enough of a
vitamin, a specific deficiency disease
will develop.
• 13 vitamins have been discovered so
far.
Vitamins Classifications
• Two main categories: water soluble and fat
soluble
• Groupings by function for health: bone
health, energy metabolism, heart health,
immune function, skin health, tissue
building, eye health, antioxidants.
Water-soluble vitamins
• Vitamin C (ascorbic
acid)
• B-complex vitamins
– Thiamin (B1)
– Riboflavin (B2)
– Niacin (B3)
– Vitamin B6
– Folate (folacin, folic
acid)
– Vitamin B12
– Biotin
– Pantothenic Acid
– *Choline *
Water-soluble vitamins
• Not stored in the body (except B12);
excreted in urine
• Deficiency symptoms will show up in
a few weeks or months if not present
in the diet.
• Only Niacin, B6 and Vitamin C are
known to produce ill effects if
consumed in excessive amounts.
Fat-Soluble vitamins
• Vitamin A (retinol)
– Beta carotene is provitamin A
• Vitamin D
• Vitamin E
• Vitamin K
Fat-soluble Vitamins
• Stored in body fat, liver and other
parts of the body
• Deficiencies take longer to develop
than water-soluble vitamin
deficiencies
• Toxicities can develop if taken in large
quantities
What do vitamins do?
• B-vitamins are coenzymes
– Enable reactions to take place in the body
– Like the key that unlocks the door
– Very little needed because it’s not used up in
the process
– Thiamin, niacin, riboflavin all needed for
reactions concerning energy release
– B6, folate, B12 all needed for reactions
concerning building tissues & heart health
What do vitamins do?
• Vitamin C
– Manufacture of collagen
– Fight infections, repair wounds
– Antioxidant
– Increases iron absorption
• Vitamin A
– Maintains mucus membranes
– Needed to see in dim light
– Beta-carotene is an antioxidant
What do vitamins do?
• Vitamin E
– Antioxidant
– Reduces plaque sticking to arteries
• Vitamin D
– Needed to absorb and utilize calcium and
phosphorus in bones, muscles, and nerves
• Vitamin K
– Needed to help the blood clot
What else do vitamins do?
• Vitamin A
– Adequate intake lessens complications
from measles- given with children in
developing nations with measles vaccine
– Vitamin A deficiency is the leading cause of
blindness in the world
– Vitamin A is used to treat acne and other
skin disorders (topical)
What else do vitamins do?
Immune function & heart health
• Vitamin C
– May lessen symptoms and duration of a cold
– Doesn’t reduce how often colds occur
– High blood levels of vitamin C and heart
health: lower total cholesterol, lower
triglycerides, higher HDL, lower blood
pressure
What else to vitamins do?
Brain & spinal cord development
Heart health
• Folate
– Adequate intake during early pregnancy
prevents neural tube defects in babies
– Reduces risk of developing heart disease by
reducing levels of homocysteine
• Thiamin (B1)
– Energy production & CHO metabolism
– Nerve cell function: DM, Crohn’s, MS
Antioxidants
• Rust preventers in the body
– Oxygen damages cells and causes free radicalsmay cause cancer and other disorders
– Antioxidants protect cells from oxidation, just
like painting metal prevents rust
• Vitamin C
• Vitamin E
• Beta Carotene (pre-Vitamin A)
Do you need vitamin supplements?
• Vitamins are readily available from a
variety of foods (especially fruits and
vegetables)
• Needs can be increased due to
environmental toxins, stress, and
illness
• Focus on whole unprocessed foods
first and supplement as warranted for
health and prevention of chronic
disease.
Summary
• Heart Health: Vit C, E, B6, B12, folate, niacin
• Tissue building: B6, B12, folate
• Eye health: Vit A, C
• Skin health: Vit A, C
• Energy metabolism: B-vitamins
• Nerve cell function: B1 (thiamin)
• Immune function/antioxidant: C, E, betacarotene
• Bone health: D, K
Mom was right!
Eat your vegetables and
fruits!
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