Transcript Production 2006 edited by MJP for PLTW IED

Production & Marketing
The Purpose of Manufacturing
and
Components needed to make it Work
Conception to Distribution
Identify Need
Market Analysis
Conceptualization
Concurrent
Engineering
Research
&
Development
Product and Process
Development
Production
and
Continuous Improvement
Marketing
and
Distribution
Market Analysis
• What do we make?
and
• Why do we make it?
» These are rhetorical questions
Market Analysis
• Economists analyzed industrial
markets and came up w/ 3 different
analysis approaches:
1.Commodity Analysis
2.Institutional Analysis
3.Functional Analysis
What do each of these mean?
Market Analysis
• What is Marketing?
• Who use Marketing techniques and why?
• What do we Market?
– Not only:
• Goods and Services
But also:
• Ideas
• Places
• Personalities
• Events
Market Analysis
• Roles of Marketing
– Determines best opportunities
– 4 P’s of marketing:
•
•
•
•
Product
Price
Place
Promotion
Market Analysis
• What does marketing include?
• How many can you list?
[I can think of at least nine (9)!]
Market Analysis
• Who makes up a marketing team?
• Can you list who they might be?
[My list has 8 on it ]
– Here’s couple to get you started:
• Brand manager
• Product manager
• Customer service personnel
Market Analysis
• The strategic phases of marketing
are…
1.Segmentation
2.Targeting
3.Positioning
• Now what do you think these titles
stand for?
Market Analysis
• Philosophy of Marketing – what is it?
– ?
• What is the role of Marketing?
– ?
• Since Marketing is so important, who
ultimately is responsible for Marketing
within any company?
– ?
Market Analysis
• Philosophy of Marketing – what is it?
– Customer satisfaction
• What is the role of Marketing?
– Measure & gauge customer expectations
• Since Marketing is so important, who
ultimately is responsible for Marketing
within any company?
– Everyone within a company
CONCEPTUALIZATION
Conceptualization
• Specifications
– the main task is to determine the design
specifications or clarify the design
requirements.
Conceptualization
Conceptualization
Design for Manufacturability
Function
Safety
Cost
Customers’
Needs
Final
Design
Reliability
Shipping
Serviceability
Style
Time to Market
Assembly
Quality
Customization
Recycling
Expansion
Human Factors
Upgrading
Pollution
Future Designs
Concurrent Engineering
• Reduces the deign cycle & improves
product value
• Integrates design, manufacturing &
support
• Manufacturing influences design from
first concepts
Research & Development
Research & Development
• What is R&D?
• What is the foundation of any
Innovation?
• How old is the concept of R&D?
• Who created the first modern R&D
type facility?
• When did the benefit of R&D come into
common usage in our society?
Research & Development
• How do new ideas, products or
processes come into being?
• What are the goals of R&D?
– And how do they affect the development
process?
Research & Development
• Edison’s lab in NJ was the first modern R&D
lab
– It was started in ~1878
– Can you name any of the inventions that came
out of this lab?
• The National Bureau of Standards was
started in 1931
– 31 years after it’s German counterpart
– Why would the NBS be important to an inventor?
Research & Development
• American companies started to take
R&D seriously after WW I
– Companies like GE, Westinghouse,
Eastman Kodak, AT&T, Standard Oil, etc.
• But it wasn’t until WW II that they
become common place and fully
funded.
– Why do you think this was?
Research & Development
• Major design efforts like:
– RADAR
• Do you know what this acronym stands for?
– Atomic bombs
– V-1 Rockets
• Could not be developed by the loan
inventor
– It requires huge research labs to develop
a working solution!
Research & Development
• Name the 3 types of Research Labs you
might find in industry?
Research & Development
• Name the 3 types of Research Labs you
might find in industry?
1. Research Lab
2. Development Lab
3. Test Lab
Research & Development
• What are the two types of basic
research?
Research & Development
• What are the two types of basic
research?
1.Pure
2.Applied
Research & Development
• Finally, if R&D is to be a key
contributor to a company’s success
– R&D personal must report to the highest
levels within a company;
• Minimally a VP
Product & Process Development
• Products are made up of parts +/or
components
– New or existing
– Commercially available vs. Inventing new
parts
– Cost
– Qty required
– When are parts needed
Product & Process Development
• Process
– How will the part/component be
manufactured?
•
•
•
•
•
First lay out the fabrication process
What steps are required to build the product
What rates will be required to meet demand?
Can we use existing Mfg. lines?
Do we need to build new facilities?
Production
• Is the activity that takes your concept
from an idea and produces a real,
concrete product you can touch &
feel…
• All material requirements are defined
• All material needs are ordered and
delivered to the production line
Production
• All Production needs come together
• The investment needed to produce
product is finalized
• The investment in
–
–
–
–
Man
Machine
Materials
Mfg Facilities
Key Terms
•
•
•
•
•
JIT – Just – in – Time manufacturing
Real Time Inspection
Total Quality Management
CNC – Computer Numerical Controlled
Flexible MFG Systems
Marketing
• How much do we make?
• When do we make it?
and
• Where & how do we sell it?
Marketing
• Defines
–
–
–
–
Who the customer is
Where the customer lives
How much will that customer buy
How often will that customer buy
• This info is supplied to MFG to
determine capacity needs
Distribution
• This area covers 2 key elements:
– How a company gets the product from the
factory to the customer and
– In what type of way is the customer
actually sold the product?
Distribution
• How will product get to market?
–
–
–
–
Your own Fleet
Post/UPS/ FEDEX
Rail
Truck
Distribution
• How or where will the product be sold?
–
–
–
–
–
–
Retail
Wholesale
Distributors
MFG’s Reps
Direct Sales – Internet or telesales
eBay
PROFIT
• Why do you think a company exists?
– Can you come up with other reasons than
profits?
– If there are other reasons where does
profits rank in the grand scheme of the
universe?