Transcript New cardiac ppt print

A “Heart Healthy” Diet
Presented by Victoria Ferrante,
Student Dietitian
HealthAlliance Hospital
October 13, 2010
Objectives
• Serving Sizes
• Health effects from
– High fat & cholesterol consumption
– High sodium consumption
• Nutrient Benefits
– Fiber
– Omega-3 fatty acids
– Antioxidants & Flavanoids
– Potassium
What Counts as a Serving Size?
Food Group
Grain
Vegetable
Serving Size
1 slice of bread, 1/4 small bagel, 1 oz cold cereal,
½ cup cooked cereal
1 cup raw, leafy vegs, ¾ cup veg juice, ½ cup
chopped vegetables, cooked or raw
Fruit
1 medium whole fruit, ½ cup chopped, cooked or
canned, or 1/2 cup juice
Dairy
1 cup of lowfat milk or yogurt, 1 ½ oz lowfat
cheese
Meat &
Meat Substitutes
2-3 oz cooked lean meat, ½ cup cooked dry
beans, 1 egg, or 2 T peanut butter
Fat
1 tsp butter or margarine, 2 T dry non-dairy
creamer, 1 tsp oil
Effects of High Fat & Cholesterol
• High blood pressure
• May increase
– Heart attack
– Coronary artery re-blockage
– Mortality rate for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
– Triglyceride & cholesterol levels
– Plaque buildup in arteries
Foods High in Fat and Cholesterol
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Fried foods
Fatty meats
Whole milk products
Bakery products: donuts, croissants
High fat snacks
– Chips,Oreos
Trans Fat
• Trans fat is found in stick margarine or
shortening
– Choose tub, liquid, or spray margarine
– Olive or canola oil
• Ingredients List
– Hydrogenated oils
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Effects of High Sodium
• Increases
– Blood pressure
– Risk of heart disease
• Goal: Limit Sodium 2000-4000 mg/day
– Salt: 1/4 tsp has 600 mg
– Choose foods with less than 300 mg
Sodium per serving
Foods High in Sodium
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Salt
Canned soups, vegetables, meats
Dried meats/ fish
Snack crackers and chips
Frozen meals
Lunch meats
Salad dressings, marinades, seasoning packets
Soy sauce, gravies, sauces, mustard
Pickles, olives
Benefits of Fiber
• May Reduce
– Mortality rate
• Stroke, CHD, cancer
– High blood pressure
– Cholesterol levels
• Weight control
High Fiber Sources
• Whole grains
– Cereal, bread, pasta
• Beans, peas, chickpeas
• Dates
• Fruits and vegetables
Benefits of Omega-3 Fatty acids
• May reduce risks of
– Irregular heartbeat
• Heart attack
– Coronary artery re-blockage
• May reduce
– Triglyceride & cholesterol levels
– Plaque buildup in arteries
– Mortality rate for CHD in high risk populations
• Lowers High blood pressure
Foods High in Omega-3 Fatty Acids
• Salmon, mackerel, lake trout, herring,
sardines, albacore tuna
• Flaxseed
• Walnuts
• Navy beans, kidney beans, soybeans
• Tofu
Benefits of Antioxidants
• Protection
– Plaque buildup in artery walls
– Linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular
disease
Foods High in Antioxidants
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Vitamin C
• Vitamin E
Citrus fruits
– Oils: olive,
soybean, corn
Dark green vegetables
– Almonds
Peppers
– Seeds
Tomatoes
– Whole grains
Cantaloupe
– Oatmeal
– Sweet Potatoes
Benefits of Flavonoids
• Definition:
– Group of chemical compounds derived from
fruits, vegetables, soy, dark chocolate, red
wine, nuts and seeds.
• Reduces effects of CHD
– Cholesterol levels
– Blood clotting
– Inflammation in the body
Potassium
• Lower high blood pressure
– Potassium supplements are NOT recommended
– This includes some salt substitutes
“Heart Healthy” Recommendations
Nutrient
Recommended Intake
Total Fat
50 to 60 grams per day
Saturated Fat
10 to 15 grams per day
Cholesterol
<200 to 300 mg per day
Sodium
2000 to 4000 mg per day
Calcium
1000 to 1200 mg per day
Fiber
25 to 40 grams per day
Soy
35 grams per day
Dark green, orange, red,
purple fruits & vegetables
5-8 servings per day
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Eat fish 2 x per week (one serving = 3 ounces)
Eat 1.5 ounces of nuts per day
Omega-3 fatty acid supplements (fish oil
capsules). AHA recommends with EPA + DHA
per day
ATP III Classifications & Guidelines
Test
Level
Health Impression
Total
Cholesterol
<200 mg/dl
200-239 mg/dl
>240 mg/dl
Desirable
Borderline High
High
<100 mg/dl
100-129 mg/dl
130-159 mg/dl
160-189 mg/dl
>190 mg/dl
Optimal
Near Optimal
Borderline High
High
Very High
<40 mg/dl
>60 mg/dl
Low
High
<150 mg/dl
150-199 mg/dl
200-499 mg/dl
>500 mg/dl
Normal
Borderline High
High
Very High
≥ 140 mm Hg (systolic BP)
≥ 90 mm Hg (diastolic BP)
High
High
LDL
Cholesterol
HDL
Cholesterol
Triglycerides
Blood Pressure
Questions?
To schedule an appointment with a
HealthAlliance Dietitian:
Ask your doctor to send us a referral. Once we
receive the referral form, a representative from
HealthAlliance Central Scheduling will confirm your
insurance coverage and call you to schedule an
appointment.