Transcript Day 161-164B- Unit 4 - Evo-Eco 101

May 24, 2016 (#160-164)B
Topic: Evo/Eco
Resources/Invasive Species
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Cephalopods populations are
booming!
Squids, Octopuses, Cuttlefish, etc.
 Cephalopods have a Boom or Bust
change to their population numbers.
“Weeds of the Sea.”
 Humans captured/harvested all
predatory fish species
 Warming oceans and changes in
currents.
 No one factor to blame
Scientists (Univ. College
London) have discovered the
gene that controls the
“pointiness” of a human’s nose.
https://www.youtube.com/wat
ch?v=Zao4xdpv1Do
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http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/22747/20160523/scientists-discover-genes-associated-nose-shape.htm
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Take puzzle bag, please attempt to put
your puzzle together. Two times!
 Layer Assignments update
 Current C-layer due 5/20/2016
 All MCAS JogNog.com quizzes due
by May 17th. Start with 2015 and
work backwards.
 Use the MCAS Review Session
website
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http://team81-homework.wikispaces.com/Science+with+Mr.+Mullett
 Activator – Cyclist vs. Toaster
 Energy Resources
 If we all lived like Americans
 Invasive Species
 Examples
 JogNog
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If we ran out of fossil fuels, do you think you
could power some appliances in your life?
Give some examples.
How much coal is saved to power a CFL vs.
Lightbulb?
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As a human, how much energy do you think
you produce?
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How many Watts?
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How many Horses in Horsepower?
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How many bulbs for how long could you light
up your house?
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If we all lived like Americans.
Read
Discuss
Answer
Watch
 Human Footprint
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Due to the increase in both human
movement and goods shipped, many other
items have also changed locations:
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Ideas
Genetics
Religions
Cultures
Diseases/Viruses
Invasive Species
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Any species that is
not native, that is
capable of pushing
out another native
species or damaging
a native species
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Stilt Grass
Rock Snot
Zebra Mussles
Ash Borer
Sturgeon/BlackBear
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What is DNA?
What is it used
for? What can
be made from
the instructions?
Protein
Synthesis. What
is required?
Where does it
occur?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3f
OXt4MrOM
Genotype-The genetic make-up of an
organism
Phenotype-The physical characteristics of
an organism
Alleles-one of a number of different forms of
a gene (Gene for height, forms could be
tall or short)
Genotypes come as either
Homozygous or Heterozygous
Phenotypes come as either
Dominant or Recessive
Interestingly enough, your
Mitochondria in your cells, has
DNA that is only found in the DNA
of your Mother’s Mitochondria,
not your father’s!!
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How do
organisms pass
on genetic
messages/mater
ial?
DNA Replication.
What is it? What
are the rules?
Where does it
occur?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bW5Jn
YZImJA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S1asK1
Azhjg
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What happens if
a part of the
DNA strand is
incorrectly
copied?
Mutations.
Variations and
differing
outcomes. What
causes them to
occur?
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“Mutation took us from
single-celled organisms to
being the dominant form of
reproductive life on this
planet. Infinite forms of
variation with each
generation, all through
mutation. This process is
slow, normally taking
thousands and thousands of
years. “
Darwin’s dangerous idea
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=910dz5
sCb1I
Darwin and his
Ideas. Natural
Selection and The
Origin of Species.
Evolution
 Voyage of the
Beagle and the
Galapagos Islands.
Finches and
Turtles.
 One of the most
famous 19th
century Naturalist
and Geologist
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=03YKT
7ytJdE
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 1. Population can shrink
Change in the
 2. Mating – Couple (ring
Gene Pool Over
finger)
Time
 3. Mutation
5 Processes
 4. Pointer – Movement
that can cause
Immigrate/Emmigrate
the Frequency
(Gene Flow)
of change to
 Nature Votes thumbs
increase or
up/down – Natural
decrease in the
Fingers - TED
Selection
pool 5https://www.youtube.com/watch?
Evolutionary
Evidence.
 Relevance is
the Key.
 Common
Ancestor
Bozeman Sciience
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=
ooGKYediys8&list=PLNzoFHqWzg
C5HiRjzG1vzsyu2hmiSMnQ&index=1
Evolution Misconceptions
https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=mZt1Gn0R22Q
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1. Biogeography
2. Fossils
3. Homologies
3a. Skeletal structures
and Vestigial Organs
3b. Similarities at
Early stages of
development
4. DNA
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Distribution of
species and
ecosystems in
geographic
space and
through
geological time.
Life and where
life is found
Marsupials –
Australia
Making a fossil is
difficult, a specific
and narrow criteria
to make a fossil is
required
 Horses got larger:
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 Browser to Grazer
due to
landscape/environ
ment changing
(Continental drift)
 Needing to run on
the prairies
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U0XGymNU_bQ
Structural
similarities
between
existing
organisms as
well as Common
Ancestors
 Homologous
Structures
 Darwin’s
Tubercle
 Early
Development
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Vestigial Organs
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
▪
Appendix
Sinuses
Wisdom Teeth
Coccyx
The Ear
Arrector Pili
Tonsils
Male Nipples
Palmar Grasp Reflex
Plica Semilunaris
https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=Xfw
MjTcaz64
▪ https://www.youtub
e.com/watch?v=mq
9A9OctSts
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The Last True
missing piece of
evidence.
By using
computers we
can compare the
DNA of
organisms
Similarities
support the
concept of
Common
Ancestor
Bonobos Console
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zlr4rG0VMPc
Bonefire https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQcN7lH
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1st and 2nd
cousins
(Genetic
Similarities are
98%)
Bonobos don’t
kill
Bonobos
“Marry”
Cute Bonobos
Bonobos Laugh Why Sex
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNhttps://www.youtube.com/w
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_izpq
Hj73ES2U
vGGk
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Any
differentiation
within a species
Fingers
Height
Intelligence
 Gabe Park
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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2234017/Theschoolboy-born-12-fingers-12-toes-whos-like-friends-dreamingpilot-thanks-surgery.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6st7b8vstw
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WX1O4iuUYPw
 Foxes in Siberia
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ObQiygrWHA
@17:00mins
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Sexual
 Have Sex (2
Required)
 Variation
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Asexual
 Alone/Single
 Roots on trees
 Cloning/Same
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Why SexNova
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miiRmrZX3XM
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If the Variation
is an
Advantage, it
is considered
an adaptation
Habitats can
change and so
can the label
of advantage
vs.
disadvantage
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Darwin’s ideas
that Nature
“Selected”
organisms for
extinction or
continuation
was drastically
radical in it’s
sense of
contrast to the
ideals of the
time.
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Natural selection is the
gradual process by which
heritable biological traits
become either more or
less common in a
population as a function
of the effect of inherited
traits on the differential
reproductive success of
organisms interacting
with their environment. It
is a key mechanism of
evolution.
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Relationship
with a mutual
benefit
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BBavDRDlug8
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@39:18
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Relationship
with a
organism
benefits, and
the other
organism
neither
benefits or is
harmed
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Relationship
with only one
organism
benefiting
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Any material
found in nature
that is not
living
 Rocks
 Air
 Temperature
 Water
 Elevation
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Any material
that is living or
was once living
 Animals
 Plants
 Bacteria
 Roadkill
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Organism that
can make its
own food
 Bottom of the
food chain
 Plants/Trees
 Phytoplankton
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Organism that
can not make
its own food
and must
consume
something
 Herbivore
 Carnivore
 Omnivore
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Organism who
gains nutrition
from dead or
decaying
matter.
 Fungi
 Bacteria
 Returns matter
to the cycles it
came from
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Energy moves in one
direction
Removal of an organism
can affect organisms
above
Apex Predators help
control the populations
Tertiary vs Primary vs.
Secondary Consumer
Produce
DDDT
GPGP
https://www.boston.com
/news/animals/2016/04/1
2/video-captureshundreds-of-seals-on-acape-cod-beach
Dan Barber TED
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLNzoFHqWzgC5HiRjzG1vzsyu2hmiSMnQ
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The visual
representation
of how mass
moves from
lower levels to
top tier/apex
predators
Requirements
at top are
larger
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https://www.youtu
be.com/watch?v=h
06zkEG7a4k
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The successful reclaiming of nature to a
changed landscape
Small to Large
Immature to Mature
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Witness the change! @ 2:00 mins,
3:15mins
@3:30mins, aqueducts etc
A reversal of a savanna region back
into a forested landscape. Certain
Bacteria was used in the sand to
help the Pine trees grow
Microclimate formed
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xogJew_nlko
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hOIrnE3zzcA
 (-10-20 degrees)
 Rained often
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8kNJm
xzk13k
https://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=CBKKoq_HxYA
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HOLY COW!! It has finally happened.
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Many students would remember Mr. Mullett’s lesson on Fuel celled vehicles (the use of water 
Hydrogen and Oxygen), but a German engineering firm – Sunfire – has just successfully finished
constructing and testing of a synthetic material titled “Blue Crude.”
This fluid is similar to standard fossil fueled Hydrocarbon crude except it is produced today, using
the same constituent materials found in fossil fuels.
Explanation:
 Take water and super heat it (800 C /1427 F). This causes water to boil and break into it’s 2
components of Hydrogen and Oxygen.
 With these separated, the machine then takes the Hydrogen and combines it with CO2 from
the air at high temperatures. (Sequestering of CO2 from the atmosphere, and fusing)
 This combination is similar to how fossil fuels are made in the environment naturally (under
heat and pressure).
 The Combination of gases is then super cooled to make a liquid. This liquid can then be treated
in a stable form as crude and be used to produce all of the standard derivatives that are
currently made from crude oil already. (i.e. – Gasoline, Diesel, Jet Fuel, Petroleum, Kerosene,
Asphalt, etc)
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-3059025/Audi-creates-DIESEL-air-water-fuelfuture-powering-car-driven-German-minister.html#v-4201409170001
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We are going to start a
DVD by PBS
Great Transformations
If appropriate behavior
can not be executed,
you will work on C-layer
for the remainder of
class and be given an
MCAS packet, expected
to be completed by
tomorrow.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ujYNSDYIZKw