Transcript Evolution Review

Evolution Review
Who proposed
inheritance of
acquired
characteristics?
Jean Baptiste Lamarck
What has occurred in the
second diagram?
What are two types of genetic drift?
Population bottleneck and
the Founder effect
Three distantly related mammals adapted
independently to eat ants and termites.
This is an example of ___ evolution.
African aardvark
Asian pangolin
South American anteater
Convergent evolution
One hypothesis as to
why female cheetahs
“cheat” is that it
increases the genetic
diversity of their young.
What are the other two
hypotheses?
1) to reduce infanticide
2) it requires less energy than
fighting off the different males
Name 3
vestigial
structures
in humans.
• Ear muscles
• Appendix
• Wisdom teeth
Brown trout reproduce in the fall, and
rainbow trout reproduce in the spring.
This is an example of _______ isolation.
Temporal isolation
Microevolution or Macroevolution?
Snapping shrimp on either side of the
Isthmus of Panama will no longer
interbreed.
Macroevolution
Snapdragon
flowers must be
pollinated to
reproduce, but the
flowers are closed.
A bumblebee has
just enough weight
to open a
snapdragon flower.
This adaptation is
an example of ___.
Coevolution
You’re in a room with 3 monkeys.
One is holding a banana.
One is holding a stick.
One is holding nothing.
Which primate is the smartest?
YOU are the smartest primate!
A radioactive
element has a
half-life of 10
minutes. How
much of 32 g of
the element will
still be
radioactive
after 1 hour?
32 g  16 g  8 g  4 g  2 g  1 g  0.5 g
Listed are three pieces of
evidence for evolution.
Name the other two.
1) Fossil evidence
2) Vestigial structures
3) Homologous structures
4) Embryology
5) Biochemical molecules
(DNA and amino acid sequences)
(analogous structures would be a
6th piece of evidence)
Males of two species of bower
birds make different styles of
nests to attract females. This
is an example of ___ isolation.
Behavioral isolation
Which male buntings are most
successful?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
bright blue
bluish brown
dull brown
bright blue and bluish brown
bright blue and dull brown
Which buntings are most
successful?
e) bright blue and dull brown
Which type of natural
selection is
demonstrated by the
buntings?
Disruptive selection
The forelimbs of humans,
cats, and whales are
considered to be ______
structures.
Homologous
Microevolution or Macroevolution?
Female widowbirds prefer to mate with
males that have long tailfeathers.
Microevolution
Female widowbirds prefer to mate with
males that have long tailfeathers.
Galls on goldenrod plants are an example
of which type of natural selection?
Stabilizing selection
Microevolution or Macroevolution?
Endosymbiosis
Macroevolution
Endosymbiosis
Archaeopteryx is a
fossil linking
____________ and
_____________
Birds and reptiles
(or dinosaurs)
A small number of birds, blown off course
during migration, find an island and
colonize it. This population will most likely
experience genetic drift as a result of:
The Founder Effect
Microevolution or Macroevolution?
A labradoodle is a cross between a
labrador retriever and a poodle.
Microevolution
Name two pieces of
evidence for
endosymbiosis.
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts have
their own DNA and ribosomes
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts can
copy (replicate)themselves
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts are
about the same size as prokaryotes
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts have
genes that are similar to prokaryotes
• Mitochondria and chloroplasts have
circular DNA
These 2 squirrels, separated by the
Grand Canyon, are considered
separated species due to ___ isolation.
Geographic isolation
There are 5 mechanisms for
evolution.
One is listed below. Name the other four.
a) Natural Selection
There are 5 mechanims for
evolution.
One is listed below. Name the other four.
a) Natural Selection
b) Mutation
c) Gene flow
d) Genetic drift
e) Sexual selection (non-random mating)
The Amish population in
Pennsylvania stemmed from
approximately 200 German
immigrants. They have a much
higher rate of dwarfism than in
other populations.
This is due to the ____ Effect.
Founder Effect
The theory of
endosymbiosis explains
evolution
of ___ and ___
Chloroplasts and mitochondria
The scientist who proposed natural selection
after studying wildlife in Malaysia was:
Alfred Wallace
A model of evolution in which short
periods of drastic change in species
are separated by long periods of
little or no change
Punctuated equilibrium
Name the 3
types of
reproductive
isolation.
Geographic,
behavioral,
temporal