Transcript Chapter 1 PPT - Bulldogbiology.com

Ms. Mezzetti
Lynn English High School
Science Department
What do you expect to learn about in biology?
Biology is the study of _______________.
How would you define life?
Chapter 1 Keywords
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
autotrophs
biology
cells
DNA
development
differentiation
ecology
ecosystem
evolution
evolve
homeostasis
12. metabolism
13. multicellular organism
14. natural selection
15. organism
16. organ
17. photosynthesis
18. reproduction
19. unicellular organism
20. gene
21. heterotroph
List six unifying themes of biology.
Explain how organisms get the energy they
need to survive.
Describe the main difference between the
structure of a living thing and that of a
nonliving thing.
List six characteristics of life
Describe the hierarchy in nature from atoms to
biosphere
•Earth is currently theorized to be over 4 billion years old
•The first living organisms were single-celled, unicellular organismsbacteria
•Unicellular organism later evolved over time to form the diverse
life that now exists on Earth today-over 2.5 million different
species and yet many more to be classified
Biology studies:
• the microscopic structure
of cells which are the
basic unit of life
• The interactions between
millions of speciesecology
• The history of life on
earth-evolution
S
S
• All living organisms need
to maintain a stable
internal environment-this
is known as homeostasis
• Internal conditions such
as food, water and
temperature must be
controlled to survive. This
is true for all living
organisms-unicellular and
multicellular
SC
C
•Cells are the basic unit life - all living organisms
are made up of cells
•All cells are surrounded by a plasma
membrane, contain DNA, ribosomes and
cytoplasm-we will learn about all of these
•Living organisms can be unicellular such as
bacteria and protists or multicellular like plants,
fungi and animals
•All living organisms are classified as prokaryotes
(bacteria) or eukaryotes (all other living
organisms)
C
What is this?
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?
SCR
R
Reproduction – the process by
which organisms produce new
organisms like themselves.
• DNA – hereditary information.
Deoxyribonucleic Acid.
• In eukaryotic organisms, DNA
is enclosed within a structure
of membrane.
• In prokaryotic organisms, DNA
exists as a loop• Gene – short segment of DNA.
Contains the instructions for
development of a single trait.
• The DNA in every cell in your
body is exactly identical.
SCRE
E
•Evolution – change
over generations.
•Natural Selection –
organisms with more
favorable traits will be
more successful at
reproduction.
•Driven by competition
for resources
THEMES OF BIOLOGY– SCREIM
I
•Ecology – the
interactions of organisms
between one another
and their environment.
•Ecosystem – is the
environmental
community
THEMES OF BIOLOGY– SCREIM
M
•Photosynthesis – the
process by which plants
capture energy from the
sun and convert it to
chemical food.
•Autotrophs – organisms
that make their own
food.
•Heterotrophs – organisms
that get food from the
outside environment.
THEMES OF BIOLOGY– SCREIM
•All living organisms need
energy to survive.
•Living organisms use
different processes to
acquire energy- ATP
•Plants use photosynthesis
to produce their energyautotrophs
•Animals depend on other
organisms for their energyheterotrophs
GRROUCH
• To be considered a living organism you must possess
these characteristics we will refer to as GRROUCH:
• GROW-all living organisms grow and develop
• RESPOND- living organisms need to respond to stimuli to survive
• REPRODUCE-living organisms reproduce to produce offspring
• ORGANIZED-living organisms are organized matter from atoms to
cells to body systems
• USE ENERGY-living organisms need to metabolize energy (ATP)
• CELLS-all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
• HOMEOSTASIS-all living organisms must maintain a stable internal
environment to survive
What do we study in biology?
Name 6 themes in biology
Identify 7 characteristics of life
Can you list the levels of organization in nature
from molecules to biosphere?