Transcript Kiosk Notes 6th Period April 6, 2009

Kiosk Notes
th
6
Period
April 6, 2009
Darwin’s Observations
By:
Heather Halleen and Stayce Lane
Introduction

Darwin’s important observations included the
diversity of living things, the remains of ancient
organisms and the characteristics of organisms
on the Galapagos Islands.
Diversity
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Today, scientists knows that organisms are even
more diverse than Darwin could ever imagine.
A species is a group of similar organisms that
can mate with each other and produce fertile
offspring.
Fossils
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A fossil is a preserved and remains or traces of
an organism that lived in the past.
For example, Darwin saw fossils that resembled
bones of living sloths.
Galápagos
Organisms
By: Melanie
Adelstein and
Christine Anton
Similarities and Differences
The iguanas on the Galapagos Islands, had
large claws that helped them grip slippery rocks.
The iguanas on the mainland had smaller claws
to help them climb trees to get leaves. The
tortoises on one island had dome shaped shells
and the other island had saddle shaped shells.
Adaptations
An adaptation is a trait that helps an
organism survive and reproduce. Finches’ beaks
are an adaptation to maintain food. Adaptations
help organisms avoid getting eaten. Example:
having a bad taste or being poisonous. Bright
colors of flowers help reproduction.
Adaptation of a
eagle
Evolution
Ethan Sills, Kayla Sobel, Jillian Barrat
Charles Darwin

Darwin thought that plants and animals that
arrived on the Galápagos Islands faced
conditions that were different from those on the
mainland. Darwin hypothesized the species
gradually changed over many generations and
became better adapted to the new conditions.
Evolution and Scientific Theory

Evolution is the gradual change in a species over
time. Scientific theory is a well tested concept
that explains a wide range of observations.
Darwin then concluded that organisms on the
Galápagos Islands had changed over time. But
he was still confused how the changes
happened.
Selective Breeding

Darwin studied the offspring of animals that
were produced by selective breeding. Darwin
himself, bred pigeons with large fan-shaped tails.
By doing this he produced pigeons that had two
to three times the usually number of tail
feathers.
Natural selection
By:jordyn Lally and Julia Filc
Natural selection
Natural selection is the process by which
individuals that are better adapted to their
environment are more likely to survive and
reproduce. The factors that effect natural
selection are; overproduction, variations, and
competition
Overproduction
Overproduction is when a species produces so
many offspring that there aren't enough
resources for them
Variations
Variations are any differences between individuals
of the same species
Competition
Competition is where members of a species are
forced to compete with one another to survive,
when resources are limited. Most competition is
indirect, where there is no physical fighting.
Natural Selection
(part 2)
Malvi Devanathan and Sari Kowit
Selection

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- variations make individuals better adapted to
the environment
Over a long period of time natural selection can
lead to change
Helpful variations may gradually accumulate a
species, while some disappear.
Environmental Change

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A change in the environment can affect an
organisms ability to survive.
The environmental change can therefore lead to
selection.
Genes and Natural Selection
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Without variations, all the members of the
species would have the same trait.
Natural selection would not occur because all
individuals would have an equal chance of
surviving and reproducing.
Variations result from mutation and the
shuffling of alleles during meiosis.