Transcript The fossil record Biogeography

Chapter 19
Intro to the fossil record and
biogeography
Concept 19.3: Evolution is supported by an
overwhelming amount of scientific evidence
 New discoveries continue to fill the gaps identified
by Darwin in The Origin of Species
 There are four types of data that document the
pattern of evolution
 Direct observations
 Homology
 The fossil record
 Biogeography
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The Fossil Record
 The fossil record provides evidence of
 The extinction of species
 The origin of new groups
 Changes within groups over time
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Tiktaalik
Scientists believe Tiktaalik's ventured onto
land just as present day mudskippers do,
propping up on their fins.
Biogeography
 Biogeography, the geographic distribution of
species, provides evidence of evolution.
(You don’t need to remember the details of this figure.)
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 Endemic species are species that are not found
anywhere else in the world.
Lemurs are endemic to Madagascar. There are five families of lemurs with 99 species and subspecies. The
smallest lemur would easily fit in your hand, while the largest can top 25 pounds.
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Figure 19.UN03
Evolution by Natural Selection
Individuals in a population
vary in their heritable
characteristics.
Organisms produce more
offspring than the
environment can support.
Inferences
Individuals that are well suited
to their environment tend to leave more
offspring than other individuals.
and
Over time, favorable traits
accumulate in the population.
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How would
Lamarck
explain
these data?
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Number of individuals
Review
10 On native species, Beak
8 balloon vine
6 (southern Florida)
4
2
0
Museum-specimen average
10
8
6
4
2
0
On introduced
species,
goldenrain tree
(central Florida)
6
7
9
8
10
Beak length (mm)
11