Transcript CELL ORGANELLES

CYTOLOGY
What is the Cell Theory?
• Made of cells (smallest
unit of structure.
• All of the life functions
(smallest unit of
function).
• All cells come from
pre-existing cells.
Why is it only a Theory?
• What about the
first cell?
•Mitochondria
•Chloroplasts
•Virus
How do we classify cells?
Eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
 No nucleus
 Single circular
chromosome
 Small
 No true
organelles
 Simple
 Yes, has nucleus
 Many pairs of
individual
chromosomes
 Large
 Membrane bound
organelles
 Complex
What are the life functions?
GRRRNEST
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Respiration
• Respond to Stimuli
• Nutirition
• Excretion
• Synthesis
• Transport
How does a cell
do these
functions?
CELL ORGANELLES
Organelles:
mini “organs”
inside a cell.
MAKING PROTEINS
How does a cell carry out life
functions?
Who controls all cell functions?
What does DNA code to
produce that actually carries
out these functions?
Where is DNA located?
Is DNA large or small? Can it leave the
nucleus?
NO!
RNA will help it and
carry its message to…..
So the DNA tells the ribosome which protein
to make.
In ALL cells!!!!!!!
Packaging Proteins
Proteins need to be
packaged up.
Bent into their 3D
structure.
Who does that?
Do you know where
ribosomes are located?
Attached to what?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
will package and ship to
cell.
Making
Energy
Cytoplasm/Cytosol
• Water fluid
• Site of all life
functions
How does a cell get energy?
Adenosine triphosphate:
Energy storage molecule
What is the
ultimate source
of energy for an
ecosystem?
How does the energy get
into an ecosystem?
Autotrophs
Photosynthesis
Which organelle is capable of
doing photosynthesis?
CHLOROPLAST
• Only in
photosynthetic
cells
• Contains
chlorophyll
Chloroplast
What molecule
(specifically) does a
chloroplast make?
GLUCOSE
Chemosynthesis: chemoautotroph
Do some Bacteria do
photosynthesis?
Do Bacteria have
chloroplast?
So how do they do
photosynthesis
then?
Once the glucose is
created by the
chloroplast, how does it
move through the rest of
the ecosystem?
Heterotrophic
Consumers
Once consumed, how do you get the energy
out of the food?
RESPIRATION
Breaking down
glucose for ATP
Which organelle is responsible
for doing aerobic respiration?
Why are there so many layers in
a mitochondria?
Increase
Surface
Area
Do Bacteria do
respiration?
Do Bacteria have
mitochondria?
So how do they do
respiration then?
How are materials transported
throughout a cell?
ER for within
How do molecules get
into a cell?
• Transporting materials in and out.
• In ALL cells!
• Only in Plants
• Made of cellulose
• Give plants their shape and
structure
BACTERIAL
CELLS
PLANTS
ANIMALS
Fungal
Who am I?