Transcript 4th MP Quarterly Review

4th MP Quarterly
Review
Cell
1. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, for
example a bacteria cell.
The flagella helps the bacteria cell move.
DNA- Watson and Crick
2. discovered the structure of DNA
double helix/ twisted ladder
3. Sides are phosphate and sugar
Rungs are made of nitrogen base pairs
The pairs are A-T
C-G
Mendel- Genetics
4.Mendel used pea plants
because they were fast
growing & self-pollinating
5. The ratio of dominant to
recessive traits was
3:1
(3 tall for every 1 short)
Trait
6. Traits are characteristics passed on from
parent to offspring.
Examples:
eye color
hair color
attached/detached earlobes
7. Vocab
Gene- the set of instructions for a trait
Phenotype- the physical appearance (genotype is genetic make up)
Dominant trait- the stronger trait that appears in the first generation
Recessive trait- the weaker trait that is masked by the dominant trait
Adaptation- is a characteristic that helps an organism survive in its
environment
Evolution- the slow change in organisms over time
Taxonomy- the science of describing, naming, and classifying
organisms
8. Mitosis is the process of making new body cells
The end result is 2 new daughter cells
identical to the parent cell.
Natural Selection
9. Natural Selection explains that better adapted organisms
to their environment will survive and reproduce.
10. It explained evolution but Darwin did not realize this
was caused by genes.
11. 4 parts of Natural Selection
Overproduction- more eggs/offspring than what will
survive
Inherited variation- there are differences among
organisms in a species
Struggle to survive- organisms may die from disease,
lack of food or predators before reproducing
Successful reproduction- the better adapted survive to
reproduce organisms that will survive too
12. Pesticide exposure can produce insects that are
resistant to the repellant
13. Elephants with valuable tusks will be killed before they
reproduce and eventually that trait will decrease. More
tuskless elephants will live to reproduce.
14. Carolus Linnaeus classified organisms (taxonomy) by
their shape and structure
15. The scientific name of an organism is written with the
Genus and species names using Greek or Latin .
16. Example: Leopard frog, Rana pipiens
14. Carolus Linnaeus classified organisms
(taxonomy) by their shape and structure
15.The scientific name of an organism is written
with the Genus and species names using
Greek or Latin .
16. Example: Leopard frog,
Rana pipiens
Classification
Kids Pick Candy Over Fresh Green Salad
17.
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Kingdoms
18. There are 6
Kingdoms
Punnett Squares
Heterozygous Brown is Bb
Homozygous Brown is BB
Homozygous blue is bb