Transcript Exam Review Questions Part IIof2

Which cross could produce a child with type
O blood?
A. AO x BB
B. AA x BO
C. AB x OO
D. AO x BO
Answer: D. O is recessive; child must
received on O allele from each parent; only
AO X BO could produce a child with OO or
type O blood
Which represents the genotype of a
homozygous condition?
A. Bb
B. BC
C. bb
D. bc
Answer: C.
By which process are two daughter nuclei
formed that are identical to each other
and to the original nucleus?
A. meiosis
B. synapsis
C. fertilization
D. mitosis
Correct Answer : D
Which diagram most correctly represents
the process of mitosis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1
2
3
4
Answer: B
Because the gene for hemophilia is located on the
X-chromosome, it is normally impossible for a
A. carrier mother to pass the gene to her son
B. hemophiliac father to pass the gene on to his
son
C. hemophiliac father to pass the gene to his
daughter
D. carrier mother to pass the gene to her daughter
Answer: B.
What percentages can be expected in the offspring of cross between a female
carrier for color blindness and a male with normal color vision?
A. 25% normal male, 25% colorblind males, 25% normal females,
25% carrier females
B. 25% normal males, 25% colorblind males, 25% carrier females,
25% colorblind females
C. 75% normal males, 25% carrier females
D. 50% colorblind males, 50% colorblind females
Answer: A. 25% normal male,
25% colorblind males, 25%
normal females, 25% carrier
females - A female carrier has one
normal X chromosome and one
defective X chromosome with
respect to color blindness and a
normal male has a normal X and
a Y chromosome. A Punnett
square reveals that 1 is the only
choice.
Chromosomes normally occur as
homologous pairs in
A.
B.
C.
D.
a sperm cell
an egg cell
a zygote
a gamete
Answer: C
Geneticists have observed that fruit flies that
commonly inherit vestigial wings also
inherit lobed eyes. Observations such as
this have helped to develop the genetic
concept known as
A. segregation
B. dominance
C. gene linkage
D. crossing-over
Answer: C
A man with a blood genotype AO marries a
woman with a blood genotype of AO.
What blood types could be expected in
their children?
A.
B.
C.
D.
type A, only
type O, only
both type A and type O
neither type A nor type O
Answer: C
A hybrid black-coated guinea pig produces
two million sperm cells. Approximately
what number of its sperm cells contain
the recessive gene for white coat color?
A.
B.
C.
D.
1 million
2 million
0
0.5 million
Answer: A
The male guinea pig can
contribute one of two
different genes (alleles)
for coat color; the
proportion of each allele
is 50% among the sperm
formed during
spermatogenesis
The outward appearance (gene expression)
of a particular trait in an organism is
referred to as
A.
B.
C.
D.
a genotype
a phenotype
an allele
a chromosome
Answer: B
Proteins are made from amino acids by the
process of
A. hydrolysis
B. pinocytosis
C. active transport
D. dehydration synthesis
Answer: D
When many hybrid tall pea plants are crosspollinated, the offspring produced will
probably be
A.
B.
C.
D.
100% homozygous tall
100% heterozygous tall
50% homozygous tall
50% heterozygous tall
Answer: D
Mendel's discovery that characteristics are
inherited due to the transmission of hereditary
factors resulted from his
A. careful microscopic examinations of genes and
chromosomes
B. dissections to determine how fertilization occurs
in pea plants
C. breeding experiments with many generations of
fruit flies
D. analysis of the offspring produced from many
pea plant crosses
Answer: D
Some individuals with blood group A may
inherit the genes for blond hair, while
other individuals with blood group A may
inherit the genes for brown hair. This can
be explained by the principle of
A. dominance
B. multiple alleles
C. independent assortment
D. incomplete dominance
Answer: C
The spotted touch-me-not, a flowering plant,
has seed pods that burst open when
touched and forcefully eject their seeds.
Such an adaptation is favorable because
it
A. aids in the dispersal of the species.
B. attracts insects that aid in pollination.
C. prevents germination within the seed pod.
can cause genetic changes to occur.
Answer: A
Breeders have developed a variety of
chicken that has no feathers. Which
methods were most likely used to produce
this variety?
A. artificial selection and inbreeding
B. grafting and hybridization
C. regeneration and incubation
D. vegetative propagation and binary fission
Answer: A
Which is a breeding method used by
humans to produce new and improved
varieties of plants and animals?
A. independent assortment
B. crossing-over
C. artificial selection
D. natural selection
Answer: C
The diagram below illustrates the change that
occurred in the frequency of phenotypes in an
insect population over 10 generations. A
probable explanation for this change would be
that over time there was
A. a decrease in the adaptive value of gene “a”
B. an increase in the adaptive value of gene “a”
C. an increase in the population of this insect
D. a decrease in the mutation rate of gene “A”
Answer: B
Two nucleotide sequences found in two
different species are almost exactly the
same. This suggests that these species
A.
B.
C.
D.
are evolving into the same species
contain identical DNA
may have similar evolutionary histories
have the same number of mutations
Answer: C
The diagram below shows undisturbed
sedimentary strata at the bottom of an ocean.
The fossils found in layer B resemble the fossils
found in layer A. This similarity suggests that
the fossils in layer B were formed before the fossils in
layer A
A. modern forms of life may have evolved from earlier
forms of life
B. vertebrate fossils are only found in sediments
C. the fossils in layer A must be more complex than those
in layer B
Answer: B
According to Darwin's theory of evolution,
differences between species may be the
result of
A. the disuse of body structures
B. the transmission of acquired
characteristics
C. natural selection
D. mutagenic agents
Answer: C
The concept that species have changed
over long periods of time is known as
A. ecology
B. embryology
C. spontaneous generation
D. organic evolution
Answer: D
The theory that evolutionary change is slow
and continuous is known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
punctuated equilibrium
geographic isolation
speciation
gradualism
Answer: D
Which concept was not included in
Charles Darwin's theory of natural
selection?
A.survival of the fittest
B.struggle for existence
C.overproduction of offspring
D.punctuated equilibrium
Answer: D
The study of homologous structures in
mature organisms provides evidence for
the evolutionary relationships among
certain groups of organisms. Which field
of study includes this evidence of
evolution?
A. comparative cytology
B. biochemistry
C. geology
D. comparative anatomy
Answer: C
Darwin's theory of evolution is based on the
concept of
A.
B.
C.
D.
use and disuse
mutations
natural selection
hybridization
Answer: C
The diagram below represents a section of undisturbed
layers of sedimentary rock in New York State and
shows the location of fossils of several closely
related species. According to currently accepted
evolutionary theory, which is the most probable
assumption about species A, B, and C?
A. Species B is more
abundant than species C.
B. Species C existed
before species B.
C. Species A and B are
genetically identical.
D. Species B descended
from species A.
Answer: B
Which group of organisms is believed to be
among the earliest to evolve on Earth?
A. arthropods
B. coelenterates
C. protozoans
D. reptiles
Answer: C