Transcript April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001

CMI Project Review:
Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays
CMI-001
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices
Filled with Ferroelectrics
P/097
Nov 2003 – April 2004
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays
Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices
Cambridge PI : Prof. James F. Scott, Earth Science Dept.
MIT PI : Prof. Keith A Nelson, Chemistry Dept.
• Brief Description of Project:
Fabricate micron- or submicron-arrays of voltage-tunable
ferroelectric devices consisting of two-dimensional
patterns of high refractive index rods
Characterize GHz-THz dielectric responses through
"polaritonics" measurements w/ micron spatial resolution
• Summary of Intended Outcomes:
Delivery and test of a small number of prototype devices
Prototype apparatus for GHz-THz dielectric metrology
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays
Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices
Ferroelectric nanotube arrays fabricated by the Cambridge group
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays
Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices
International interest in nanotube arrays
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays
Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices
"Polaritonics" platform developed by the MIT group
GHz-THz signal generation, guidance, control, focusing, imaging, & readout
Spatiotemporal imaging
allows direct visualization
of wave propagation
Femtosecond laser
machining of polariton
waveguides, tips, & other
functional elements
Spatiotemporal
femtosecond
pulse shaping
sends pulses to
specified
addresses at
specified times
to launch
polariton waves
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays
Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices
Polaritonics: The Movies
Polaritons
Coherent Control
Fabricated
Structures
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Progress In Past Six Months
• Important activities, collaborations:
New deposition technique (simplified) using fluid pore-wetting rather than misted
CSD
Use of cheap, commercially available porous alumina (Whatman Anodisc) rather
than porous Si. Pore sizes 200 nm and 20 nm
Deposition of palladium electrodes on flat substrates using palladium acetate.
Two collaborations (U of Trento, Italy and U of Stockholm, Sweden) to provide
porous Si substrates (no IP conditions – acknowledgement on publications only)
Preliminary discussions with venture capitalists regarding licensing of nanotubes
(Generics Group Cambridge, Seiko-Epson Lab Cambridge, Cambridge Consults)
Characterization of high-dielectric crystals for potential use as tip materials
Generation and calibration of high-intensity (10-50 kV/cm) GHz-THz polaritons for
FE switching applications
Collaboration with Columbia Univ. to obtain micron thickness ferroelectric films for
tip fabrication
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Progress In Past Six Months
• Important activities, collaborations:
Collaborative measurements on Cambridge Univ samples
Dr. Finlay Morrison (Cambridge Univ) visit with Cambridge samples to MIT
Exploratory measurements on FE nanotubes in porous silicon & bare porous silicon
Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, SEM, GHz-THz dielectric
measurements, FTIR measurements conducted; all measurements possible with
sample morphology
SHG measurements yielded clear results showing FE signatures, periodic array
Groundwork laid for more definitive measurements to follow on additional samples
SHG microscopy reveals FE
nanotubes in partially filled
porous silicon substrate
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Progress In Past Six Months
•
Milestones achieved:
Reproducibe deposition via pore wetting technique rather than “mist” chemical solution deposition
(CSD) of 40-nm wall-thickness ferroelectric nanotubes of strontium bismuth tantalate (SBT)
Source of nanoporous Si and alumina with pore sizes ranging from 1 micron to 20 nm obtained.
Generation and calibration of high-intensity (10-50 kV/cm) GHz-THz polaritons for FE switching
applications
•
Deliverables completed:
One porous Si sample with ca. 5 million nanotubes of SBT partially separated from host Si
(embedded only at one end) fabricated.
Sample delivered to MIT and initial exploratory measurements carried out.
Automated Spatiotemporal Diffraction of Ultrashort Laser Pulses, J.C. Vaughan, T. Feurer, and
K.A. Nelson, Opt. Lett. 28, 2408-2410 (2003).
Simulation of phonon-polariton propagation in ferroelectric LiNbO3, D.W. Ward, E. Statz, N.S.
Stoyanov, K.A. Nelson, in Engineered Porosity for Microphotonics and Plasmonics: MRS
Symposium Proceedings, vol. 762, R. Wehrspohn, F. Garcial-Vidal, M. Notomi, and A.
Scherer, eds. (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, PA, 2003), pp. C11.60.1-6.
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Plans For Next Six Months
• Expected activities, collaborations :
Optimization of palladium electrode deposition
Deposition of concentric palladium electrodes
Fabrication of nanotubes of other ferroelectric materials e.g. PZT
Use of Si and alumina substrates allowing a range of tube diameters from
1 micron to 20 nm
Continued discussions regarding commercial licensing of nanotube
devices
Further collaborative measurements at MIT of Cambridge samples
Further characterization of additional ferroelectric materials GHz-THz
dielectric functions for selection of optimal tip components
Generation of higher intensity (50-100 kV/cm) GHz-THz polaritons for
potential applications in ultrafast noncontact switching of ferroelectrics
FDTD simulations of tips to optimize geometry, composition
Tip fabrication using recently acquired micron thick FE films
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Plans For Next Six Months
• Expected milestones:
Achievement (never reported by other laboratories) of concentric
cylindrical electrodes using organic Pd precursors
Measurement of voltage-tunable effects
50-100 kV/cm polariton field levels reached for attempts at FE switching
Measurements on additional Cambridge samples at MIT
• Expected deliverables:
Additional samples delivered from Cambridge to MIT
Disclosure and patent filing for GHz-THz scanning microscopy tips and
methods
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Other Items
• Developments worth publicizing:
Cambridge publication of prototype device structures (J. Phys. Condensed
Matter, 15, L527-532 (2003)) was selected by the editorial board as
among their best papers of the year.
Cambridge postdoc Finlay Morrison has been awarded Royal Society
Research Fellowship for independent research as a result of participation
in CMI project.
• Modifications to statement of work and/or funding:
Fabrication methods developed at Cambridge may be suitable for tip
fabrication needed at MIT. This possibility should be pursued.
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Other Items
• Expected financial profile:
Discussions with venture capitalists concerning the Cambridge
technology are continuing.
• Anything else:
PI Scott and postdoc Finlay Morrison will be delivering invited talks
at the Ferroelectrics UK meeting and several others at which
CMI project results will be highlighted.
PI Nelson is the program organizer for the leading ultrafast
spectroscopy meeting in Japan this summer, where CMI project
results will be presented. Invited talks at the Optical Society of
America meeting and others also will be presented.
MIT student David Ward participated in Cambridge seminar on
Nanotechnology, sponsored by CMI, April 2004
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
Challenges And/or Issues To Address
•
•
•
Problem/Concern:
Problem of a source for porous silicon substrates (last report) has been
resolved through new collaborations with Univ. Trento and Univ.
Stockholm.
CMI help in marketing the DRAM trench and other intellectual property has
been highly effective, and should continue.
MIT problem of a source for thin FE films for tip fabrication has been
resolved through collaboration with Columbia Univ.
Primary remaining problem is financial support for continuation of highly
successful and highly visible activities.
Plan for resolution:
Seek additional funding source(s) in both host countries
How CMI can help:
Sustain or increase support level through duration of CMI project.
Assist in identifying and encouraging sources of additional support.
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097
PR / Communications / Events
• Any previous press interest in your project? By whom?
What media?
• Upcoming events, major publications, noteworthy dates
in the next six months:
• Do you need any help with your PR / communications /
event planning?
Oct 2003 – April 2004 Review – Optical Properties of Nanoscale Arrays, CMI-001;
Fabricate Voltage-Tunable Photonic Devices Filled With Ferroelectrics, P/097