Transcript Grp_8_Pyrex(2)

Pyrex
Grp. 8
Jacob Cua
Justin Jao
AJ Pineda
Berns Mitra
Intro
To understand how Pyrex is unique it is important to understand the
nature of glass itself. Glass is a state of matter that has characteristics
similar to both crystalline solids and liquids. On a macroscopic level
glass appears to be like solids.
However, on a molecular level, glasses are more like liquids. In
crystalline solids, molecules are arranged in an orderly fashion. In
liquids they are randomly arranged. This random arrangement is also
a characteristic of glass.
Pyrex
•Pyrex is a technical borosilicate glass composition
from Corning with excellent thermal properties.
A low coefficient of thermal expansion allows
a good heat shock resistance.
• Has a good acid resistance and a high optical transmission over a
wide wavelength range. This makes Pyrex a versatile material for
many different special glass applications. Pyrex can be ground,
polished and coated according to custom specific requirements.
•Pyrex is made from a special Borosilicate Glass but some products
are also made from soda-lime glass. Both Borosilicate and Soda-lime
glass are tempered glass, glass that were subject to extreme heat and
cooling multiple times to make them stronger. This makes it less likely
to expand or contract due to temperature.
Going
through heat
until red
hot.
Then cooling at a
very cold
temperature
Then Repeat
Pyrex
When Pyrex was being developed, scientists were trying to make a
glass that had a high thermal resistance. At some point it was
discovered that glass compositions with Boron could be heated to
high temperatures without breaking.
Boron(5th element in the periodic chart)- has the unique ability to
create a lot of different chemical bonds. When bonded with oxygen it
can create a three dimensional object that is strong. In a glass
composition, this extra strength gives it thermal and chemical
resistance. Pyrex also has a low alkali content that gives it high
corrosion resistance.
Borosilicate Glass
• This was created by Otto Scott, a 19th century German Glass maker
• is a type of glass which includes at least five percent boric oxide
•The boric oxide makes the glass resistant to extreme temperatures,
and improves resistance to chemical corrosion
•Today, soda-lime glass is used instead of
borosilicate glass, as it is generally cheaper
Borosilicate composition
This glass is made of:
70% silica,
10% boron oxide,
8% sodium oxide,
8% potassium oxide, and
1% calcium oxide (lime)
Soda-Lime Glass
• It is glass made by fusion of
sand with sodium carbonate,
sodium sulfate and lime, or limestone
•Most common type of industrially produced glass
•Similar to Borosilicate Glass(cheaper materials)
Properties
• High thermal resistance
• Low thermal expansion
• Good thermal shock resistance
• Low Specific weight
• Less fragile than normal glass
• When it breaks, it is easier to clean up
Uses
- Laboratory glassware
- Kitchen glassware
- Telescope lens
- Mirrors/ used for reflections
Sources
•http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-borosilicate-glass.htm
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borosilicate_glass
•http://www.pgo-online.com/intl/katalog/pyrex.html
•www.glassonline.com/infoserv/dictionary/569.html
•http://www.answers.com/topic/soda-limeglass#ixzz1BBS159ZZ
•http://www.answers.com/topic/pyrex
•http://www.rfroyce.com/pyrex.htm
Image Sources
•
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.cromwell.co.uk/static/products/g/jeeps/387/lab
3872001a.eps_large.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.cromwell.co.uk/PRX3872002B&usg=__svGWx2utmgmM_vInBzrxuJc3cY=&h=463&w=500&sz=33&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=wg6E
Q9wOJ6QoM:&tbnh=137&tbnw=148&ei=bg80TYmVLs2ecf3BiaEH&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dpyr
ex%2Blab%2Bequipment%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26client%3Dsafari%26rls
%3Den%26biw%3D1279%26bih%3D680%26tbs%3Disch:10%2C3&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&vp
x=272&vpy=375&dur=3676&hovh=216&hovw=233&tx=105&ty=172&oei=bg80TYmVLs2ecf3
BiaEH&esq=1&page=1&ndsp=32&ved=1t:429,r:24,s:0&biw=1279&bih=680
•
http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.7hop.com/images_products/Buy_Cheapest_Py
rex_6021224_Storage_10_Piece_Set.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.7hop.com/Buy-Cheapest-Pyrex6021224-Storage-10-PieceSet&usg=__LIFsAGsHgStHtrO_JAbRLhsLhbI=&h=337&w=500&sz=21&hl=en&start=0&zoom
=1&tbnid=Cs9lup7FUbqhCM:&tbnh=167&tbnw=248&ei=Cg80TdKGM4nQcbieoNAH&prev=/i
mages%3Fq%3Dpyrex%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26client%3Dsafari%26sa%3
DN%26rls%3Den%26biw%3D1279%26bih%3D680%26tbs%3Disch:1&um=1&itbs=1&iact=hc&
vpx=862&vpy=140&dur=1282&hovh=184&hovw=274&tx=119&ty=198&oei=3A40TaecK5OXc
b3n0aoH&esq=11&page=1&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0
Image Sources
• http://www.photoshopsupport.com/photoshopblog/07/08/ib/ice-2.jpg
• http://www.nordicfirewood.com/images/fire_di9
3.gif
• http://kaufmannmercantile.com/images/pyrex_beaker3.jpg
• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/
b/bb/Erlenmeyer_flask.jpg/426pxErlenmeyer_flask.jpg
Image Sources
• http://img.hisupplier.com/var/userImages/200812/02/labware$045505993%28s%29.jpg
• http://ecx.imagesamazon.com/images/I/4112PEYK2FL.jpg
• http://www.antiquesextant.com/images/13inTeles
copeCh.jpg
• http://www.opulentitems.com/assets/images/mirr
orstep2.JPG