Transcript Chapter 1 Cells

Chapter 1
Cells
Chapter Review
Chapter Review
Complete each of the following
sentences by choosing the correct
term from the word bank
1. A(n) _____________
cell
is the most basic unit of
all living things.
2. The job that an organ does is the
function
____________of
that organ.
3. Ribosomes and mitochondria are types of
organelles
__________________.
Chapter Review
Complete each of the following
sentences by choosing the correct
term from the word bank
4. A(n) ___________
eukaryote is an organism whose
cells have a nucleus.
5. A group of cells working together to
perform a specific function is a(n) tissue
__________.
cell wall
6. Only plant cells have a(n) ______________.
Chapter
Review
7. Which of the following best
describes an organ?
a.
b.
c.
d.
a group of cells that work together
to perform a specific job
a group of tissues that belong to
different systems
a group of tissues that work
together to perform a specific job
a body structure, such as muscles
or lungs
Chapter Review
8. The benefits of being
multicellular include…
a.
b.
c.
d.
small size, long life and cell
specialization.
generalized cells, longer life, and
ability to prey on small animals.
larger size, more enemies, and
specialized cells.
longer life, larger size, and
specialized cells.
Chapter Review
9. In eukaryotic cells, which
organelle contains the DNA?
a.
b.
c.
d.
nucleus
Golgi complex
Smooth ER
vacuole
Chapter Review
10. Which of the following statements
is part of the cell theory?
a.
b.
c.
d.
All cells suddenly appear by
themselves.
All cells come from other cells.
All organisms are multicellular.
All cells have identical parts.
Chapter Review
11. The surface area – to – volume
ratio of a cell limits…
a)
b)
c)
d)
The number of organelles that the
cell has.
The size of the cell.
Where the cell lives.
The types of nutrients that the cell
needs.
Chapter Review
12. Two types of organisms whose
cells do not have a nucleus are…
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Plants and animals.
Eubacteria and archaebacteria.
Single-celled and multicellular
organisms.
Chapter Review
13. Explain why most cells are small.
 Most
cells are small because the
surface area – to – volume ratio
limits how big a cell can get.
 This means that the cell cannot get
enough nutrients or get rid of all the
wastes if it gets too large.
Chapter Review
14. Describe the four levels of
organization.
 The
cell is the simplest and most basic
unit of all living things.
 Tissues are a collection of similar cells
that work together to perform a job.
 Organs are a collection of different
tissues that work together to perform a
job.
 Organ systems are a collection of
organs that work together to perform a
job.
Chapter Review
15. What is the difference between
the structure of an organ and the
function of the organ?
 The
structure of an organ is how the
organ is organized or how it LOOKS.
 The function of an organ is the JOB
that organ actually does.
Chapter Review
16. Name two functions of a cell
membrane.
 The
cell membrane encloses the
cell and separates from the
environment
 The cell membrane also controls
what enters or leaves a cell
Chapter Review
17. What are the structure and
function of the cytoskeleton of the
cell?
 The
structure of the cytoskeleton
LOOKS like a web of proteins.
 The JOB or function of the
cytoskeleton is to provide support
for the cell and to help with
movement.
Chapter Review
17. Concept Mapping: Use the following
terms to create a concept map: cells,
organisms, Golgi complex, organ systems, organs, nucleus,
organelle, and tissues
cells
Combine to form…
Are made of …
Combine to form…
Tissues
organs
Combine to form…
Organelles
Organ
systems
Such as…
Golgi
complex
Nucleus
Organisms
Combine to form…
Chapter Review
19. Making Comparisons: Compare and
contrast the function of the
endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
complex.
ER
Golgi Complex
•Takes
materials from
ER and
packages them
•Series of
folded
membranes
•Makes lipids
and proteins
•Delivers items
throughout the
cell inside
passageways
•Both transport
items
throughout the
cell
•Puts items for
delivery into
sacs called
vesicles
•Can send
items out of the
cell
Chapter Review
20. Identifying Relationships: Explain how the
structure and function of an organism’s parts
are related. Give an example.
 The
structure of an organ determines
what the function will be. The example of
the alveoli looking like a web of blood
vessels allows oxygen and carbon dioxide
to be exchanged (function).
Chapter Review
21. Evaluating Hypotheses: One of your
classmates states a hypothesis that all
organisms must have organ systems. Is your
classmate’s hypothesis valid? Explain your
answer.
 The
hypothesis is invalid because you can
have unicellular organisms that are made
of only one cell. There are no tissues,
organs or organ systems.
Chapter Review
22. Predicting Consequences: What would
happen if all of the ribosomes in your cells
disappeared?
 Ribosomes
make proteins that are
essential for the cell to function. Without
ribosomes, you would die.
Chapter Review
23. Expressing opinions: Scientists think that millions
of years ago the surface of the Earth was very
hot and that the atmosphere contained a lot
of methane. In your opinion, which type of
organism, a eubacterium or an
archaebacterium, is the older form of life?
Explain your reasoning.
 The
archaebacterium is the older
organism because it can live in
more extreme (hotter) areas and
one type actually makes methane
and might be responsible for the
high methane levels long ago.
Chapter Review
Interpreting Graphics: Use the
diagram below to answer the
questions that follow.
Chapter Review
24. What is the name of the structure
identified by the letter a?
 Letter
a is the mitochondrion
25. Which letter identifies the structure
that digests worn out organelles
and foreign invaders?
 Letter
b identifies the lysosome that
does this job in the cell
Chapter Review
26. Which letter identifies the structure
that makes proteins, lipids, and
other materials and that contains
tubes and passageways that
enable substances to move to
different places in the cell.?
 Letter
c identifies the endoplasmic
reticulum that does this function.