Transcript Quilt Regional Optical Network Update - The Next Steps

Regional Optical Networking
- The Next Steps
I2 Member Meeting
May 2, 2005
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Quilt RON Workshops
• Goal: Educate the regional community about
fiber and optical network opportunities and
technologies.
– 1st Workshop June ‘04 in Denver
• “So you think you want some dark fiber?”
– 2nd Workshop Nov. ‘04 in Raleigh
• “So you’ve got some dark fiber-now what?”
– 3rd Workshop June ‘05 Newport. RI
• “So you’ve lit your fiber-now what?”
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Inaugural Workshop
• June 2004 at Level 3’s Facility in Broomfield, CO
• Focus on learning about the acquisition and operational
issues associated optical networks.
– A “Who’s Who of RON Experts from the R&E Community”
– Not Bad for Beginners!
– Archive available at: http://www.thequilt.net/
• Specific topics
– Where is the fiber?
– IRU’s and other legal issues
– Technical Design
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Where’s the fiber?
• Presenter - Victor Braud
• Basic Issues
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What kind of fiber is it?
Where does it go?
Who owns it?
Do they have any extra?
Do they have the right to sell it; if so will they sell it?
• Can you afford it, including the cost of the:
– IRU @ $500 to $2500/fiber/mile
– Collocation @ $500 to $1,200/rack/month + power
– O&M @ $100 to $300/route mile/year
– Optronics to light and staff to maintain it?
• Will the owner allow you reasonable access to it?
• 20 year partnership with Owner?
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Indefeasible Right to Use
• Presenter - Alex Preiser - Associate Legal
Counsel, UCAR
• Key Legal issues associated with IRU
Agreements
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IRU Defined
Key Terms
Considerations
Strategies
IRU - Key Terms
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Connection
Acceptance Testing
Maintenance
Construction
Fees
Performance
Property Rights
Term/Usage Rights
Payments/Taxes
Force Majeure
Funding the Network(s)
• Several models presented
– Almost as many funding models as there are
organizational models
• Basic Costs
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General Operations
Network Operations Center
Allocation of Optical Network
Equipment Maintenance
Equipment Replacement Allocation
Technical Design Elements
And Test Equipment
• Presenter - Steve Cotter
• Design
– Optical budget = Output power – Input sensitivity
Steve Cotter – Internet2 /
National LambdaRail
[email protected]
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Technical Design
• Optical budget is affected by:
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Fiber attenuation
Splices
Patch panels / connectors
Optical components (filters, amplifiers, etc.)
Bends in the fiber
Contamination (dirt, oil, etc.)
Fiber Types
• SMF (standard, 1310 nm optimized, G.652)
– Most widely deployed so far, introduced in 1986,
cheapest
– Corning SMF-28
– Corning SMF-28e
• ‘extended band fiber – optimized for CWDM
• DSF (Dispersion Shifted, G.653)
– Intended for single channel operation at 1550 nm
– Corning DSF
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Fiber Types, Con’t
• NZDSF (Non-Zero Dispersion Shifted, G.655)
– SMF/LS (limited slope) fiber from Corning
– Later fiber types are engineered for WDM
operation in the 1550 nm region only
• TrueWave, FreeLight, LEAF, E-LEAF, TeraLight…
– These are the latest generation fibers developed in mid
90’s
– For better performance with high capacity DWDM systems
– Optimized for DWDM in the C-band & L-band
• MetroCor, WideLight are other types
• Low PMD ULH fibers are also out there
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Ins and Outs of Co-location
• Presenter - Steve Cotter
• Co-location Site Survey
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Know How to Get to the site
Access
Equipment Delivery
Inspect the facility
Know your costs
• Power,
• Cross-connects
• Labor
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Steve Cotter – Internet2 /
National LambdaRail
[email protected]
Acceptance Testing
• Presenter - Paul Schopis
• Main Issues
– Background
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Adapted lab approach
Examples on Web at ITEC sites
http://www.nc-itec.org/archive/CAR/plan.html
http://www.adec.edu/nsf/index.html
Layered approach
Specific targets
Physical Layer
Optical Layer
Full System
Quilt 2nd RON Workshop
• November/December 2004
– Raleigh, NC hosted by MCNC.
• Focus on Equipment available to light up the
network.
• New Approach
– RFI with a Case Study served as discussion tool.
• Selected Equipment Vendors Presented
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Example Equipment RFP
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Presenter - Scott Gerstenberger
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RFP Purpose
– Gives the vendors the big picture of why you’re doing this.
– Reduces the number of questions
– Gives your project more credibility
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MiLR Optronics Acquisition
Background and Overview
• Include: general R&E RON activities, about the fiber you
have, and an overview of the optronics you want to buy
Network Topology and Fiber Specifications
• Specifics of your fiber (maps, distances, fiber types, fiber
providers, loss specifications, colo sites, etc.)
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Example RFP Components (cont’d)
• DWDM System and Bid Requirements - Major
section
– Lay out your optronics design (list of OADM sites,
wavelength capacity needed),
– Trib interfaces you need, the initial specific
configuration you plan to buy through the RFP
– Expected network growth over time and how the
vendor’s initial design needs to accommodate this
growth,
– Requirements for alien wavelengths,
– Timetable, management and maintenance plan.
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Example RFP Components (cont’d)
• Evaluation Criteria
– Don’t make this too limiting or overly specific
– Specifics:
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Vendor’s ability to comply with the RFP specifications
Vendor’s ability to demonstrate the product in their lab
Customer references
Overall cost (put this last)
• How to Respond
– Boiler plate and procedural material your
purchasing department requires
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Connecting to the Backbone
• Presenter - Dave Reese
• Option 1: Co-location
– RON co-locates in same facility (not in same cage/space) as
backbone.
– Consider bulk fiber bundle between RON and backbone
• Watch cross-connect fees!
• Option 2: High fiber count
– RON builds/buys/leases bulk fiber from nearby location into
backbone facility
– Distance is the limiting factor - some backbone interfaces are
short reach ONLY
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Common RON Issues
• Diversity
– Do you need diverse entrance into backbone facility?
• Common facility
– Can you incorporate the backbone facility as integral part of
your RON?
• Will the ILEC make “waves?”
– Some are now offering reasonable Gig-E, and indicating 10GE
availability
– Depending on your visibility, ILEC may apply pressure to use
their services!
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Quilt 3rd RON Workshop
• June 1-3, 2005
– Newport, RI, co-hosted by OSHEAN
– Focus will be on learning more about the issues of operating an optical
network
– Vendor Presentation May 31 – June 1
• Agenda Topics
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Optical Network Testing
Transition from Layer 3 to Layer 1
Optical Network Management Tools
Issues Connecting
URL: http://www.thequilt.net/meetings
Optical Network Testing and Test
Kits
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Fiber Testing Goals
• Operations and Maintenance
– Is this fiber contiguous
– Are optical components functioning as they should
– Are there dirty connectors or bad splices
• Initial Fiber Characterization
– Measure span loss
– Measure optical return loss (reflections)
– Measure Dispersion
• Chromatic Dispersion testing required at 10G
• Chromatic and Polarization mode required at 40G
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Test Equipment - Overview
• Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
– Measure attenuation along span
– Can be used to troubleshoot fiber cuts
• Optical Spectrum Analyzer
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Display and measure the power levels of all the lambdas on the fiber
Helps ensure waves are balanced
Consider purchasing two
Want one with at least 2 nm sensitivity
• Bit Test Set
– Perform packet loss test to determine your BER
– We require a 24 hour test before accepting circuits
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1310nm / 1550nm Light Source
Optical Power Meter
Chromatic Dispersion test set
SONET / GE / 10GE test sets
Fiber Test Equipment Kit
• Fiber Inspection Scope
– Optical Inspection Scope (<$500)
– Video Inspection Scope (USB or standalone) ($2-3K)
• Cleaning Kit ($100)
– Cleaning sticks, alcohol, and wipes.
• Laser glasses/goggles ($300)
• Visual Fault Locator ($300)
• Loss test set ($1K)
– Stabilized light source
– Power meter
– Look for multi-wavelength units (1310/1550/1625 is
common)
– Loss testing often included with OTDR. Recommend you
get both standalone and OTDR option.
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OTDR Configuration
• Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
– Buy modular unit that can add features
– For operations and maintenance (>$50K)
• OTDR with order of 40dB of dynamic range ($30K)
• Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) ($30K)
– For initial fiber characterization, add (total >$100K)
• Chromatic Dispersion analyzer. Often, vendors will have a CM
module with an integrated OTDR, so you can save some
money getting this rather than discrete CM and OTDR modules
($20-30K)
• Polarization Mode Dispersion testing ($60K)
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Best of Breed Modular OTDR
• Agilent N3900
• EXFO FTB 400
• Nettest CMA 5000
– This unit is OEMed by Corning and sold as the
Corning 500 Plus Multitester
• Informal survey of RON operators indicate
most folks have Nettest/Corning or EXFO
• Some vendors have a trade-in program, so if
you have an old crusty OTDR…..
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