Transcript Telescopes
Telescopes Device used to collect Light and to Magnify Distant Objects Plans made by Rodger Bacon 13th Century Galileo improved the Device Bacon and Galileo Some History Galileo was first to use the telescope to view the night time sky Devised a method to smooth and polish the lenses Made image clearer (focus) First telescope 8x the Magnification During his Studies increased to 32x the Magnification Types of Telescopes Optical Gathers and Focuses Visible Light Radio Directional Radio Antennae Gamma and X Ray Heavy Metal Reflectors Optical Telescopes Three Types of Optical Telescopes Refracting Reflecting • Uses Mirrors to Produce Image • 1668, Most Common Catadioptric • Uses a Combination of Mirrors and Lenses Refracting Telescopes Refracting Telescopes Uses Lenses to Produce Image Galileo 1600’s Improved magnification 30x Uses lenses to refract light (bend) Yerkes in Lake Geneva (One of the Largest) Refracting Telescope Flaws Chromatic Aberration Shorter wavelengths are bent more than longer ones Weakens image and produces a halo of color When focusing on a red object, blue and violet halo appears When focusing on a blue object, red and orange halo appears Yerkes Observatory Reflecting telescopes Reflecting Telescopes Newton Used concave mirrors that focuses the light in front of the mirror rather than behind Mirror is finely grained and coated with aluminum Reflecting Telescope Advantages Light doesn’t pass through mirrors so glass doesn’t have to be of optical quality Mirrors can be supported fully from behind, whereas lenses can only be on the sides which makes lens sag Magnification Magnification Focal Length of Object Focal Length of Eye Piece Radio Telescopes Collects Radio Waves with Huge Dishes Focuses incoming radio waves on an antenna, which absorbs and transmits these waves to an amplifer Interferometry: Linking separate telescopes together to form one great one Helps to pinpoint source of the radio wave radiation Advantages Not affected by turbulence in the atmosphere, clouds, and the weather No Dome 24 hours a day viewing Can see through interstellar dust which optical telescopes cannot Types of Telescopes Satellites and Probes To get better pictures of Space, You need to Leave Earth’s Atmosphere The Atmosphere Distorts Incoming Radiation Hubble – 1990 Probes – Mars Odyssey 2001 Chandra X-ray Observatory 1999 (Black Holes) International Space Station James Webb Space Telescope 2011 Compton Gamma – Ray Telescope Mars Odyssey and ISS