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IRSE Seminar - Fibre Acoustic Monitoring Andy Rowland Head of Propositions BT Global Services January 2010 Business Applications TOA for Level Crossings Copper Cable Theft Damage to networks Flat Wheel Detection Train Tracking Bridge Collision Warning Points Monitoring Integrity Monitoring Proof of Attendance Distributed Acoustic Sensing using Fibre Stress Force Caused by Acoustic Wave Strain Coherent Light Coherent Phase-Modulated Light How the Fibre Sensor Works The fibre is the sensor Measurements all along a 10km fibre = 10,000 sensors!! Standard multi- or single-mode optical fibre T1 T2 T3 T4 ………. Backscattered light provides measurement point every 1m 1m pulse of light T9,995 T9,996 T9,997 T9,998 T9,999 Classification of Sounds Detect event exceeds threshold Use Geo-Fence to exclude legitimate activity Use algorithms to classify sounds – based on self organizing neural networks, also known as Kohonen Maps. Examples of classification: Trains Cable handling Lifting of lids Walking on track ballast Evolution of Fibre Sensing BT Engineers Tracing Fibre Underground Lid On Lid Off Van Horn Tap Initial Tests with UK Water Company Resilience Test with Jet Engine Initial Testing with Rail 1.5m over 50km If train speed is ≈144km/hr or 40m/sec then the following distances apply 182m 20m Train length is 8 carriages + engine 12m Commuter train leaving on welded rail approaching viaduct crossing the viaduct, then crossing points. 1.6m Sound file of express train possibly crossing a point or rail gap. Initial Implementation for Rail – Copper Cable Theft Major Operational delays as a result of stolen Infrastructure Increased delay minutes Millions of Pounds lost by replacement of stolen Copper Cable Punitive penalties relating to operational delays Substantive resource tied up in preventative operations Safety implications both passengers and trackside CCT Deployment for Major European Rail Operator BT intranet Control Room Staff CCT Portal View BT detected and logged CCT activity on 5th Sep 21.46. Alarm raised. Theft preparation activity detected 6-Sept at 21.57. Alarm raised. Theft preparation activity detected 7-Sept at 21.57. Alarm raised. Theft activity events detected 8-Sept 04:30. Large number of events logged between 4:30 and 6:30. Cable cut event 6:34. Client detected signal and power failure at 6:40 BT detected cable being removed from site till 7:04 direction of travel away from level crossing Last theft activity detected at 7.21. Client onsite activity detected commencing at 08:40. Client called BTP at 8:55 to report theft. Client & BTP activity logged until 10:40.onsite Collaborative Innovation – Level Crossing Monitoring Visibility of trains actual positions, speed and direction to signal box staff independently of signalling system infrastructure Countdown predictions in real-time of The ‘Time Of Arrival’ (TOA) at User Worker Crossing (UWC) Timing gaps between trains arriving User Worker Crossing (UWC) Categorize train movement predictions by train type Express, local, freight Detection of stopped trains location Categorize train arrivals based on route Categorize train arrivals based service identity and timetable information Track Tracking and Level Crossing Monitoring Level Crossing ToA 2 T3 T5 T1 Cable reel 12.75-13.00 Time ToA 5 Seconds T2 Sensor ToA 3 ToA 4 Speed Meters T4 Distance Key Differentiators Technology We use two world class sensing technologies Competitors can provide specific elements only BT can provide an end to end solution BT can provide 11 different sensor technologies, to help eliminate false positives World class GIS mapping to provide accurate location of problem Highly developed classification software to identify accurately incidents Protected by multiple Patents Credibility & Experience BT has one of the biggest fibre network in the world as part of it’s 21CN programme We have the only deployment working in a hostile trackside environment, covering 24 sensors and 504km. Our current rail customer is sufficiently pleased with the solution that we are now being pressed to add additional applications. Thank you Offices worldwide Telecommunications services described are subject to availability and may be modified from time to time. Services and equipment are provided subject to British Telecommunications plc's respective standard conditions of contract. Nothing in this publication forms any part of any contract. © British Telecommunications plc 2010